Estudo da viabilidade para instalação eletrogeradores termossolares no município de Garanhuns, Pernambuco

Abstract

The growing demand for clean and renewable energy sources has increased the frequency of research for the development of new applications aimed at already known energy sources, such as biomass, biogas and wind energy. In the case of solar energy, there is a greater and more consolidated use of photovoltaic panels, which need more improved technologies. However, this same source of energy can be used in other ways, such as through thermoelectric plants, which use the thermal energy from irradiation in a concentrated manner and, therefore, generate vapors that activate the electrical generators. In this way, these plants can be implemented in different regions of the Earth that present an abundant level of insolation and that, therefore, can increase more potential in the electrical transmission network. Although promising, thermosolar energy production may not be feasible everywhere or everywhere. Better studies must be carried out to identify the technical and economic feasibility for the implantation of thermosolar plants. In this context, the municipality of Garanhuns has a lot of geomorphological irregularity, with altitudes ranging from 540 to 1,010 meters, which disadvantages and disfavors the direct incidence of solar radiation, due to the slopes, which affect the radiation angle, or to the shading, which reduces the daily heat stroke. Thus, these factors cause the direct solar irradiation in the Garanhuns region to present at most 4.0 kWh/m²/d, far from the ideal value, around 5.5 kWh/m²/d. With that, the installation of thermosolar plants in Garanhuns would only be viable with investments in earthworks, what makes projects more expensive.