Ethanol consumption of rats in individual, group, and colonial housing conditions

Kulkosky, Paul J.; Zellner, Debra A.; Hyson, Richard L.; Riley, Anthony L.

doi:10.3758/bf03326448

Cited by 34 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…Supporting such a di¤erentiation based on concentration, isolation-rearing has been previously reported to increase ethanol consumption, particularly at high concentrations (Deatherage 1972;Schenk et al 1990;Wol¤gramm 1990). Although isolation housing, that is social isolation of adult rats, has been reported to increase ethanol consumption (Parker and Radow 1974;Ellison 1981;Wol¤gramm and Heyne 1991;Roske et al 1994), this has not always been observed (Kulkosky et al 1980;Rockman et al 1988;Schenk et al 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of isolation-rearing on voluntary consumption of ethanol, sucrose and saccharin solutions in Fawn Hooded and Wistar rats

et al. 1998

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These experiments examined the hypothesis that isolation-rearing and strain influence hedonic mechanisms. In experiment 1, voluntary consumption of ethanol and water was monitored in the home cage of Fawn Hooded (FH) and Wistar rats. FH rats were found to consume more ethanol at low concentrations than Wistar rats, independent of rearing condition, and isolation-reared rats were found to consume more of high ethanol concentrations, independent of strain. In experiment 2, isolation-reared rats were found to consume more sucrose, independent of concentration, than socially reared rats. In experiment 3, Fawn Hooded rats were found to be more sensitive to low concentration solutions of saccharin, and to consume less of the high concentration solutions, while isolation-rearing was found to enhance consumption of high concentrations. Thus, hedonic processes are independently modulated by strain and rearing conditions, although the effects of isolation-rearing appear to be exacerbated in Fawn Hooded rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of isolation-rearing on voluntary consumption of ethanol, sucrose and saccharin solutions in Fawn Hooded and Wistar rats

et al. 1998

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“…Mello 1973;Grant and Samson 1985). A possible explanation for the lower intake of resident rats is the fact that these rats live with a female in an enriched environment, and are therefore less susceptible to the rewarding e¤ects of alcohol than rats housed singly in stainless steel cages (Kulkosky et al 1980). In addition, the rats in this study are substantially bigger (500600 g bodyweight) than rats used in other studies (usually 200 400 g;e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Increased aggression after ethanol self-administration in male resident rats

Erp

Miczek

1997

Psychopharmacology

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In order to study experimental alcohol intake that leads to heightened aggression, we established ethanol self-administration in aggressive rats. The focus was on low doses of self-administered ethanol and to assess their effects on aggressive behavior in resident rats, using a limited access paradigm followed by a 5-min confrontation with an intruder. In the first phase of the experiment, rats were established as "residents", and their consistent aggressive behavior in confrontations with an intruder was verified. In the second phase, these resident rats were trained to self-administer alcohol, using a sucrose-fading technique. In the third phase, alcohol self-administration was followed by intruder confrontations in order to study the effect of alcohol on aggression. Confrontations after ethanol consumption leading to low (5-20 mg/dl) and moderate (20-50 mg/dl) blood alcohol concentration (BAC) were compared to confrontations without alcohol, each animal serving as its own control. On average, the group showed no change in aggressive behavior after low or moderate ethanol intake. However, six out of 16 individuals significantly increased the number of attack bites and the duration of aggressive behavior by up to 90% after alcohol self-administration. When these rats were assigned post-hoc to an alcohol heightened aggression group, the group was characterized by a 40% increase in number of attack bites and a 90% increase in aggressive posture over control (BAC 0 mg/dl), whereas the alcohol non-heightened aggression group showed no significant changes. These results extend previous observations of increased aggression in a subpopulation of animals after experimenter-administered ethanol in mice, rats and monkeys to self-administered alcohol. Using this animal model, individuals showing enhanced or reduced aggression after oral alcohol self-administration can be characterized behaviorally, physiologically, and neurochemically.

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“…The findings from these studies are complicated by several factors including strain, age, length of isolation, and whether or not the housing conditions remain the same throughout the experiment or are changed during the course of the experiment. Rodents housed in isolation have been found to consume more ethanol (Deatherage 1972; Ehlers et al 2007; Juarez and Vazquez-Cortes 2003; Parker and Radow 1974; Wolffgramm and Heyne 1991; Yanai and Ginsburg 1976) and morphine (Raz and Berger 2010) compared to social housed rodents; however, other studies find the opposite with isolated rodents consuming less ethanol (Anacker et al 2011a; Doremus et al 2005; Thorsell et al 2005) and cocaine (Smith 2012) compared to social housed rodents, as well as other studies the found no difference in consumption between isolated and social-housed groups (Deatherage 1972; Kulkosky et al 1980; Schenk et al 1990). …”

Section: Social Experiences Occurring Within the Drug Contextmentioning

confidence: 92%

Emotional valence and context of social influences on drug abuse-related behavior in animal models of social stress and prosocial interaction

2012

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Rationale Social factors are important determinants of drug dependence and relapse. Objectives We reviewed preclinical literature examining the role of social experiences from early life through the development of drug dependence and relapse, emphasizing two aspects of these experiences: 1) whether the social interaction is appetitive or aversive and 2) whether the social interaction occurs within or outside of the drug-taking context. Methods The models reviewed include neonatal care, isolation, social defeat, chronic subordination, and prosocial interactions. We review results from these models in regard to effects on self-administration and conditioned place preference established with alcohol, psychostimulants, and opiates. Results We suggest that in general, when the interactions occur outside of the drug-taking context, prosocial interactions are protective against drug abuse-related behaviors whereas social stressors facilitate these behaviors. By contrast, positive or negative social interactions occurring within the drug-taking context may interact with other risk factors to enhance or inhibit these behaviors. Conclusions Despite differences in the nature and complexity of human social behavior compared to other species, the evolving animal literature provides useful models for understanding social influences on drug abuse-related behavior that will allow for research on the behavioral and biological mechanisms involved. The models have contributed to understanding social influences on initiation and maintenance of drug use, but more research is needed to understand social influences on drug relapse.

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Ethanol consumption of rats in individual, group, and colonial housing conditions

Cited by 34 publications

References 31 publications

Effects of isolation-rearing on voluntary consumption of ethanol, sucrose and saccharin solutions in Fawn Hooded and Wistar rats

Effects of isolation-rearing on voluntary consumption of ethanol, sucrose and saccharin solutions in Fawn Hooded and Wistar rats

Increased aggression after ethanol self-administration in male resident rats

Emotional valence and context of social influences on drug abuse-related behavior in animal models of social stress and prosocial interaction

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