Ethanol Electrooxidation at Platinum-Rare Earth (RE = Ce, Sm, Ho, Dy) Binary Alloys

Santos, Diogo M.F.; Lourenço, J.; Macciò, D.; Saccone, A.; Sequeira, C. A. C.; Figueiredo, José L.

doi:10.3390/en13071658

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 128 publications

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“…[187] The switching between hydrophobicity-oleophilicity with a double layer structure presents a challenge through chemical crosslinking (grafting technique). [179] Copyright 2020, The Authors, published by MDPI. www.advmatinterfaces.de…”

Section: External Treatment For Membrane Surface Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Aspects in Membrane Separation for Oil/Water Emulsion

Shalaby

Sołowski

Abbas

2021

Adv Materials Inter

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found with other insoluble matter, presenting relevant problems with safe and convenient separation. The legal discharge of oil-water emulsions is a complex process. [4] Thus, environmental authorities have established stringent regulations to cope with it. [5] Depending on countries, the oil limits are concentrations below 40 ppm as in Vietnam, [6] and in other countries like Korea, the maximum is only five ppm of oil in discharge. [7] Generally, the oil phase in water has three forms, based on oil droplets, size of more than 150 micrometers is called free oil, but that size found from 50 to 150 micrometers is the dispersed oil, [8] finally, the emulsified oil less than 20 µm. There is an increasing interest in employing membrane technology for filtering smaller size oil droplets. In this review, oil-water emulsion problems are highlighted with oil-water separation techniques selection and their performance with varied oil concentration and composition of other immiscible or miscible components. [9] Membrane technology is known formerly to economically advantageous for oily wastewater (OWW) treatment compared with other conventional technologies. [9] Based on the literature, the membranebased treatment cost estimation was about 1 and 3 $ m −3 , [10] lower than for dissolved air floatation (DAF) treatment (cost was 3.65 $ m −3 ). Generally, the treatment cost depends on OWW sources, as each industry has its specific blends for oil and grease jointly with other membrane foulants. [11] For example, oil-water emulsions treatment from the fatty acid industry has a total capital cost (costs of membranes, electricity, labor, cleaning, and maintenance) of 2.65 $ m −3 , compared with the railroad industry (it was ranged from 1.03 to 1.48 $ m −3 ). These costs for the metalworking OWW using UF were 2.8 $ m −3 . In microfiltration (MF) membrane, the OWW membrane-based treatment for oil concentration of 50 ppm annual cost was estimated as 0.098 $ m −3 with a feed rate of 100 m 3 day −1 . [9] The cost of membrane-based treatment of OWW is generally varying but is lower than conventional technologies. [12] 1.1. Oil-Water Emulsions Sources, Environmental Hazard, and Discharge Limits An oil-water emulsion is either a waste stream product, or secondary product. These effluents are generated from different areas and industrial sectors like the petroleum& gas sector, food processing, shipping facilities and maritime, and many others Oily wastewater is generated by various industries in extraordinary growing volumes, such as oil refineries, petrochemicals, metallurgical, food & beverages, and dairy industries, which need oil removal for safe discharge to the environment. Lower cost of production with high oil removal and efficient performance compared to classical methods for treating oil-water emulsions attributed to the alleviation of operation. That emphasizes membrane modification to enhance wettability, hydrophilicity with the antifouling property such as membranes dealing with tiny oil emulsions to be the key parameters to im...

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Section: External Treatment For Membrane Surface Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Aspects in Membrane Separation for Oil/Water Emulsion

Shalaby

Sołowski

Abbas

2021

Adv Materials Inter

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“…Such intrinsic problems make it extremely challenging to prepare carbon-supported PtLn alloy nanoparticle catalysts owing to the formation of strong Ln–oxygen bonds, particularly under air and water conditions in conventional impregnation synthesis. To date, several effective approaches have been developed to synthesize PtLn alloy catalysts, including physical metallurgical methods, magnetron sputtering, , wet chemical synthesis, , microwave synthesis, strong chemical reduction with Na or triethyl borohydride, and electrodeposition . These methods, however, still face a few challenging problems for practical applications, such as the use of complicated equipment and the requirements of harsh preparation conditions (H 2 O/O 2 -free). , Very recently, innovative syntheses of PtLn alloy catalysts were achieved on carbon supports in the presence of cyanamide or chlorinated salts .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of a Hexagonal-Phase Platinum–Lanthanide Alloy as a Durable Fuel-Cell-Cathode Catalyst

Zhao

Zeng

et al. 2022

Chem. Mater.

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Carbon-supported platinum–lanthanide alloy nanoparticles are promising fuel-cell-cathode catalysts with enhanced electrocatalytic performance, but synthetic challenges remain because of high O affinity and very negative reduction potential of lanthanide elements. Herein, we demonstrate an industrially relevant impregnation approach for the general synthesis of a carbon-supported intermetallic hexagonal Pt5Ln (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, and Nd) catalyst by the interparticle-distance-dependent hydrogen-spillover strategy. We understand that increasing the available area of hydrogen spillover by narrowing the interparticle distance can facilitate the reduction of Ln around Pt, which guarantees the alloying of Pt with enough amount of Ln and thus promotes the formation of a thermodynamically favorable intermetallic hexagonal Pt5Ln phase. The prepared hexagonal Pt5Ln catalysts show enhanced oxygen reduction reaction activity in H2–O2 fuel cells and improved power density and durability in practical H2–air fuel cells. Our method is facile, universal, and scalable and opens a general route for intermetallic Pt–Ln catalyst synthesis that is conventionally challenging.

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“…The previous studies have developed numerous non-enzymatic catalytic catalysts, including Pt alloys, In 2 O 3 /Pt nanoparticles (NPs), Au films, and two-dimensional (2D) ZnO. ,− In these catalysts, Au has a superior development prospect for highly sensitive ethanol detection in sweat in terms of the excellent electrical conductivity and biocompatibility. Nevertheless, these planar electrodes exhibit sluggish mass transport, inefficient reduction kinetics, and active site utilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gold Nanowire Aerogel-Based Biosensor for Highly Sensitive Ethanol Detection in Simulated Sweat

Guan

Yang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Nano Mater.

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The devices with non-invasive characteristics have aroused people’s wide concern based on sweat analysis, such as providing real-time and accurate test of ethanol concentration. Unfortunately, these devices show limited selectivity, sensitivity, and stability owing to the existing planar electrodes with sluggish mass transport and inefficient active site utilization. The Au NW-gel bioelectrode exhibited good and quick linear current responses toward a broad range of ethanol concentration from 0.01 to 0.5 M. It was validated to an appreciable stability and selectivity to ethanol detection in the existences of sodium chloride, lactic acid, and urea. The abnormal concentration of ethanol in human’s biofluids is the index of unhealthy conditions from internal diseases. Herein, we introduce the application of gold nanowire aerogel (Au NW-gel) in detecting the concentration of ethanol in simulated human sweat. A preparation method based on substrate-assisted growth method is introduced. The length of Au NW synthesized by the substrate-assisted growth method is 10–20 μm. Au NW-gel has an ultralow density and high gold content, which can reduce the internal resistance of the electrode sufficiently. The pore structure of aerogel can accelerate the mass transfer process and make the Au NW-gel have excellent performance. The linear relationship between peak current and ethanol concentration in simulated sweat is established, and the retention capability of the biosensor is more than 83%. Furthermore, a simulation model is developed to validate the robust mass transfer and electrochemical performance of the porous electrode. The Au NW-gel-based electrode provides an effective pathway for detecting the ethanol content in sweat precisely.

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Ethanol Electrooxidation at Platinum-Rare Earth (RE = Ce, Sm, Ho, Dy) Binary Alloys

Cited by 9 publications

References 128 publications

Recent Aspects in Membrane Separation for Oil/Water Emulsion

Recent Aspects in Membrane Separation for Oil/Water Emulsion

Synthesis of a Hexagonal-Phase Platinum–Lanthanide Alloy as a Durable Fuel-Cell-Cathode Catalyst

Gold Nanowire Aerogel-Based Biosensor for Highly Sensitive Ethanol Detection in Simulated Sweat

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