Ethanol extract of Imperata cylindrica Roots Potential as an Aphrodisiac in Male Wistar Rats

Abstract

Male sexual dysfunction refers to disturbances in the response to the sexual cycle, which encompasses drive/desire, arousal, and orgasm. Its prevalence is found to exceed 50% among men aged 40-70 years and tends to increase with age. 1 Erectile dysfunction disorders are found in 10%-20%, sexual drive disorders in ~8%-18%, and premature ejaculation disorders in ~30% of individuals. 2 In China, the reported prevalence of sexual dysfunction among married men aged 30-60 years with one or more symptoms was 15%. Additionally, the prevalence of decreased sex drive was 11.1%, erectile dysfunction was 4.3%, and premature ejaculation was 4.7%. 3 At present, there is no reported prevalence of sexual dysfunction in Indonesia, except for erectile dysfunction, which has been reported at 35.6% (22.3% mild, 13.7% mild-moderate, 3.1% moderate, and 0.8% severe). The highest prevalence was observed among individuals aged ≥60 years, with a rate of 88.0%. 4 Sexual dysfunction itself can have implications for infertility, wellbeing, interpersonal functioning, relationships with partners, and overall quality of life. 5 Psychologically, the impact of sexual dysfunction in men is evident in the form of depression and anxiety. In a study involving 76 men with erectile dysfunction, with spinal cord injury, the incidences of depression and anxiety were reported at 16.47% and 58.7%, respectively.