Ethanol Extract of Punica granatum L. Leaf in Combination with Gallic acid Ameliorates Liver Dysfunction in High-fat Diet-induced Obese Rats

Abstract

Rao et al.: Hepatoprotective Activity of Punica granatum L. Leaf Extract in combination with Gallic acid The present study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of Punica granatum L. leaf in association with gallic acid in high-fat diet-induced animal model. Total 30 rats were used. These were divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each. Group 1 was given normal diet and was treated as the control. Group 2 was given a high-fat diet and was considered as induced group. Groups 3, 4 and 5 were given high-fat diet along with ethanol extract of Punica granatum L. leaf (200 mg/kg), ethanol extract of Punica granatum L. leaf+gallic acid (100+10 mg/kg) and orlistat (22 mg/kg), which constituted the treatment groups. The total period of the study was 8 w. At the end of the study, activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin, globulin and albumin/globulin ratio were measured. The antioxidant defence activities like superoxide dismutase, catalase and reduced glutathione were analysed together with lipid peroxidation in the liver tissue. In addition, histology of liver was examined. The high-fat diet caused alternation in the activities of markers of liver function along with changes in histology of the liver. The high-fat diet increased lipid peroxidation and decreased antioxidant defence system. The alterations induced by the high-fat diet were restored more effectively by the ethanol extract of Punica granatum L. leaf+gallic acid than the ethanol extract of Punica granatum L. leaf alone or orlistat.

Unlocking the therapeutic treasure of pomegranate leaf: A comprehensive review on phytochemical compounds, health benefits, and future prospects

“…Indian PGLE's hepatoprotective qualities were demonstrated through the upregulation of total protein and the downregulation of liver damage markers in toxin-induced hepatotoxicity models ( Kumar et al, 2021 ). Additionally, ethanolic PGLE, particularly when combined with gallic acid, has been effective in reversing liver dysfunction and mitigating oxidative stress in dietary-induced liver damage ( Rao & Krishnamurthy, 2019 ). In the context of colon cancer, petroleum ether extracts of pomegranate leaves have exhibited pronounced cytotoxicity against colon cancer cells (HCT-116), surpassing effects on other plant parts ( Elfiky, 2018 ), while methanolic PGLE has shown strong cytotoxic influence against HT29 colon cancer cells ( Balamurugan, Karuppasamy, Sivaraj, Saraswathi, & Arumugam, 2021 ).…”

“…PGL also exhibits strong anti-microbial properties, effective against a range of microbial infections ( Bhinge et al, 2021 ; Sanna et al, 2021 ; Villis et al, 2021 ). Additionally, their anti-cancer potential has been a groundbreaking discovery, particularly in liver cancer studies, showing promising results in inhibiting cancer cell proliferation ( Kumar et al, 2021 ; Rao & Krishnamurthy, 2019 ). Moreover, innovative applications of PGL extracts, such as the creation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with enhanced DPPH scavenging capacity, have been explored by Saratale et al (2018) .…”