Ethanol Fuel-A Single-Cylinder Engine Study of Efficiency and Exhaust Emissions

Characterisation of flame development with ethanol, butanol, iso-octane, gasoline and methane in a direct-injection spark-ignition engine

“…Combustion studies with ethanol in SI engines have been carried out by [2][3][4][5][6][7], focusing on performance characteristics, while others [8][9][10][11] have concentrated on engine emission measurements; most of these were done on Port Fuel Injection (PFI) engines. Very few studies have been conducted in latest technology Direct Injection Spark-Ignition (DISI) engines that are typically very sensitive to fuel properties; more to the point, in some of those studies, certain trends illustrate great diversity.…”

Mixtures of quantile regressions

“…In this section, the newly proposed mixture of quantile regressions method is applied to three illustrative examples: the aphids data example from Boiteau et al (1998), the tone data from Cohen (1984), and the engine data from Brinkman (1981). Advantages of the mixture of quantile regressions model over the mixture of mean regressions model is demonstrated.…”

“…Finally, Brinkman (1981) introduces an engine data set containing two related variables. The response variable is the equivalence ratio, which measures the richness of the air-ethanol mix for burning ethanol in a singlecylinder automobile test and the predictor is the concentration of nitrous oxide in engine exhaust, normalized by engine work.…”

Bayesian curve estimation by model averaging

“…The second one is the Ethanol data. The data includes 88 measurements of two variables from an exper-29 iment in which ethanol was burned in a single cylinder automobile test engine (Brinkman, 1981). The two variables measured are the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen 31 dioxide (NO 2 ) in engine exhaust and the equivalence ratio at which the engine was run (a measure of the richness of the air-ethanol mix).…”