Ethanol pre-exposure does not increase delay discounting in P rats, but does impair the ability to dynamically adapt behavioral allocation to changing reinforcer contingencies

Animal Models of the Behavioral Symptoms of Substance Use Disorders

“…Thus, self-administration of cocaine, methamphetamine, MDMA, or heroin has been shown to affect attention, cognitive flexibility, impulse control, and decision making in rats and primates (Dalley et al 2005(Dalley et al , 2007bCalu et al 2007;Briand et al 2008;Gipson and Bardo 2009;Winstanley et al 2009;Mendez et al 2010;Parsegian et al 2011;Schippers et al 2012;Mitchell et al 2014;Kromrey et al 2015;Cocker et al 2019). However, these drug intake-induced neurocognitive impairments are not invariably found (Broos et al 2015(Broos et al , 2017Beckwith and Czachowski 2019), and paradoxical improvements after substance taking have also been observed (Dalley et al 2007a;del Olmo et al 2007;Kirschmann et al 2017;Spoelder et al 2017a), which may speak to substance use as a form of cognitive self-medication. With regard to a different subtype of executive function, a substantial body of recent work has demonstrated negative effects of substance use on working memory in rats and primates (Porter et al 2011(Porter et al , 2013Fijał et al 2015;Radley et al 2015;Salling et al 2018;Gobin et al 2019).…”