Ethanolic extract of Casearia sylvestris Sw exhibitsin vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities andin vivo hypolipidemic effect in rats

Espinosa, Juan Felipe Salazar; Souza, Andressa de; Casali, Émerson André

doi:10.1590/1983-084x/13_074

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…They found that this activity was higher than butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and quercetins in lower concentrations by the phytochemical composition of phenolic compounds (flavonoids and coumarins). The authors described the improvement of lipidic profile in vivo with ethanolic extract, corroborating previous antihyperlipidemic activity, 39 and possible cardioprotective effects associated with lipid profile enhancement 38 . Vieira‐Júnior et al .…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

“…The activity of C. sylvestris methanolic extract was more significant in PND preparations incubated with venom or toxin and was possibly associated with the phytocomplex of glycosylated flavonoids containing rutin in the majority; nevertheless, rutin alone did not show the same effect 34,36 . Espinosa et al 38 . evaluated the antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of C. sylvestris in vitro .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…obtained an extract of leaves from C. gossypiosperma rich in the flavonoid (+)‐taxifolin (3.8 g), representing an intriguing source of food, cosmetics, or pharmaceutical applications 13 . More activities for flavonoids were also reported, including anti‐inflammatory, 40 antimicrobial, 38 and anti‐ Leishmania 17 activities.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of flavonoid‐3‐O‐glycosides from leaves of Casearia arborea (Salicaceae) by UHPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐HRMS/MS combined with molecular networking and NMR

Santos

Soares

Medeiros

et al. 2021

Phytochemical Analysis

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Introduction Casearia is an essential source of cytotoxic highly oxidised clerodane diterpenes, in addition to phenolics, flavonoids, and glycoside derivatives. Here we identify flavonoid‐3‐O‐glycoside derivatives in the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction of the methanolic extract from leaves C. arborea leaves. Objective To characterise the EtOAc phase from the methanolic extract of C. arborea leaves using ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography diode array detector high‐resolution tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC‐DAD‐HRMS/MS) and molecular networking‐based dereplication. Methodology We identified compounds not annotated in the GNPS platform by co‐injection of standards in HPLC‐DAD or by isolation and characterisation of the metabolites using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. A workflow on the GNPS platform aided the organisation of spectral data and dereplication by annotations. We subjected the EtOAc phase to HPLC‐DAD analysis using standard compound co‐injection to corroborate the GNPS annotations. We isolated unidentified compounds with semi‐preparative HPLC‐DAD for structural identification using NMR. Results We annotated a molecular family of flavonoid‐3‐O‐glycosides in the molecular networking created using the GNPS platform. These included avicularin, cacticin, isoquercitrin, quercitrin, rutin, and a quercetin‐3‐O‐pentoside cluster. We confirmed the annotations with standard compounds using HPLC‐DAD co‐injection analysis, besides identifying quercetin‐3‐O‐robinobioside and kaempferol. We isolated three flavonoid‐3‐O‐pentosides and characterised them using one‐ and two‐dimensional NMR; we identified them as reynoutrin, guaijaverin, and avicularin. Conclusion This work describes the isolation of kaempferol and nine known flavonoid‐3‐O‐glycosides from the polar fraction of the methanolic extract (EtOAc) from C. arborea leaves using molecular networking to guide the chromatographic procedures. We identified eight compounds for the first time in Casearia that amplify and reinforce the genus' chemotaxonomy with the presence of glycosylated flavonoids.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 72%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of flavonoid‐3‐O‐glycosides from leaves of Casearia arborea (Salicaceae) by UHPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐HRMS/MS combined with molecular networking and NMR

Santos

Soares

Medeiros

et al. 2021

Phytochemical Analysis

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“…Investigations in vitro and in vivo have already pointed out the anti-inflammatory action of different preparations of C. sylvestris (alcoholic/aqueous extracts or essential oils), and they have demonstrated inhibition of edema activity, leukocyte migration, myeloperoxidase activity, nitrogen-derived free radical compounds [22][23][24]26,27,[54][55][56], phospholipase A2, and tissue proteases [81]. Certainly, the involvement of inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandins, leukotrienes, cytokines, and biogenic amines, activates and sensibilizes C fiber-related polymodal nociceptors, which play an important role in cutaneous hyperalgesia triggered by mechanical and/or thermal stimuli [15].…”

Section: Analgesic In Vivo Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among them, Casearia (Salicaceae) comprises about 180 species distributed in sub-tropical and tropical regions [16] and has promising anticancer effects [17][18][19]. In Brazil, Casearia sylvestris Sw. is the most known species and has shown antifungal [20], anxiolytic [21], antibacterial [22], antioxidant [23,24], antileishmanial [25], anti-inflammatory [26,27], and antimicrobial [24,28] activities.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Promising Effects of Casearins in Tumor-Bearing Mice and Antinociceptive Action against Oncologic Pain: Molecular Docking and In Vivo Findings

Silva,

Beserra Filho,

Acha

et al. 2024

Pharmaceuticals

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Safer analgesic drugs remain a hard challenge because of cardiovascular and/or gastrointestinal toxicity, mainly. So, this study evaluated in vivo the antiproliferative actions of a fraction with casearins (FC) from Casearia sylvestris leaves against human colorectal carcinomas and antihyperalgesic effects on inflammatory- or opiate-based pain relief and oncologic pain in Sarcoma 180 (S180)-bearing mice. Moreover, docking investigations evaluated the binding among Casearin X and NMDA(N-methyl-D-aspartate)-type glutamate receptors. HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma-xenografted mice were treated with FC for 15 days. Antinociceptive assays included chemically induced algesia and investigated mechanisms by pharmacological blockade. Intraplantar region S180-bearing animals received a single dose of FC and were examined for mechanical allodynia and behavior alterations. AutoDock Vina determined molecular interactions among Cas X and NMDA receptor subunits. FC reduced tumor growth at i.p. (5 and 10 mg/kg) and oral (25 mg/kg/day) doses (31.12–39.27%). FC reduced abdominal pain, as confirmed by formalin and glutamate protocols, whose antinociception activity was blocked by naloxone and L-NAME (neurogenic phase) and naloxone, atropine, and flumazenil (inflammatory phase). Meanwhile, glibenclamide potentiated the FC analgesic effects. FC increased the paw withdrawal threshold without producing changes in exploratory parameters or motor coordination. Cas X generated a more stable complex with active sites of the NMDA receptor GluN2B subunits. FC is a promising antitumor agent against colorectal carcinomas, has peripheral analgesic effects by desensitizing secondary afferent neurons, and inhibits glutamate release from presynaptic neurons and/or their action on cognate receptors. These findings emphasize the use of clerodane diterpenes against cancer-related pain conditions.

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Harnessing three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models for pulmonary infections: State of the art and future directions

Shah,

Raghani,

Chorawala

et al. 2023

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol

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Pulmonary infections have been a leading etiology of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Upper and lower respiratory tract infections have multifactorial causes, which include bacterial, viral, and rarely, fungal infections. Moreover, the recent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has created havoc and imposes a huge healthcare burden. Drug and vaccine development against these pulmonary pathogens like respiratory syncytial virus, SARS-CoV-2, Mycobacteria , etc., requires a systematic set of tools for research and investigation. Currently, in vitro 2D cell culture models are widely used to emulate the in vivo physiologic environment. Although this approach holds a reasonable promise over pre-clinical animal models, it lacks the much-needed correlation to the in vivo tissue architecture, cellular organization, cell-to-cell interactions, downstream processes, and the biomechanical milieu. In view of these inadequacies, 3D cell culture models have recently acquired interest. Mammalian embryonic and induced pluripotent stem cells may display their remarkable self-organizing abilities in 3D culture, and the resulting organoids replicate important structural and functional characteristics of organs such the kidney, lung, gut, brain, and retina. 3D models range from scaffold-free systems to scaffold-based and hybrid models as well. Upsurge in organs-on-chip models for pulmonary conditions has anticipated encouraging results. Complexity and dexterity of developing 3D culture models and the lack of standardized working procedures are a few of the setbacks, which are expected to be overcome in the coming times. Herein, we have elaborated the significance and types of 3D cell culture models for scrutinizing pulmonary infections, along with the in vitro techniques, their applications, and additional systems under investigation. Graphical Abstract

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Ethanolic extract of Casearia sylvestris Sw exhibitsin vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities andin vivo hypolipidemic effect in rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 44 publications

Identification of flavonoid‐3‐O‐glycosides from leaves of Casearia arborea (Salicaceae) by UHPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐HRMS/MS combined with molecular networking and NMR

Identification of flavonoid‐3‐O‐glycosides from leaves of Casearia arborea (Salicaceae) by UHPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐HRMS/MS combined with molecular networking and NMR

Promising Effects of Casearins in Tumor-Bearing Mice and Antinociceptive Action against Oncologic Pain: Molecular Docking and In Vivo Findings

Harnessing three-dimensional (3D) cell culture models for pulmonary infections: State of the art and future directions

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