Ethene−Norbornene Copolymerization Using Homogenous Metallocene and Half-Sandwich Catalysts:  Kinetics and Relationships between Catalyst Structure and Polymer Structure. 1. Kinetics of the Ethene−Norbornene Copolymerization Using the [(Isopropylidene)(η<sup>5</sup>-inden-1-ylidene-η<sup>5</sup>-cyclopentadienyl)]zirconium Dichloride/Methylaluminoxane Catalyst

Ruchatz, Dieter; Fink, Gerhard

doi:10.1021/ma971041r

Cited by 135 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Many have reported on ethylene copolymerization with norbornene (NBE) using ordinary metallocenes [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17], half-titanocenes [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26], and others [27][28][29][30], however, successful examples of the efficient synthesis of random, high molecular weight copolymers with high Tg values (high NBE content) have been limited. Ethylene copolymers with tetracyclododecene (TCD, dimethanooctahydronaphthalene) are also known as promising materials [9], and are produced by using classical Ziegler-type vanadium catalyst systems (VOCl3, VO(OEt)Cl2-EtAlCl2•Et2AlCl, etc.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Efficient Molecular Catalysts for Synthesis of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers (COC) by Copolymerization of Ethylene and α-Olefins with Norbornene or Tetracyclododecene

Zhao

Nomura

2016

Catalysts

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Abstract:Selected results for the synthesis of cyclic olefin copolymers (COCs)-especially copolymerizations of norbornene (NBE) or tetracyclododecene (TCD) with ethylene and α-olefins (1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-dodecene)-using group 4 transition metal (titanium and zirconium) complex catalysts have been reviewed. Half-titanocenes containing an anionic ancillary donor ligand, Cp'TiX 2 (Y) (Cp' = cyclopentadienyl; X = halogen, alkyl; Y = anionic donor ligand such as aryloxo, ketimide, imidazolin-2-iminato, etc.), are effective catalysts for efficient synthesis of new COCs; ligand modifications play an important role for the desired copolymerization. These new COCs possess promising properties (high transparency, thermal resistance (high glass transition temperature), low water absorption, etc.), thus it is demonstrated that the design of an efficient catalyst plays an essential role for the synthesis of new fine polyolefins with specified properties.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design of Efficient Molecular Catalysts for Synthesis of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers (COC) by Copolymerization of Ethylene and α-Olefins with Norbornene or Tetracyclododecene

Zhao

Nomura

2016

Catalysts

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“…Based on performance characteristics, the applications of COCs and COPs have now been extended to production of optical parts for digital cameras and laser beam printers, medical products, and electrical insulation [1,4]. As shown in Scheme 1, COCs are obtained through copolymerization of cycloolefin with ethylene or α-olefin [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14], and commercialized under the trade names APEL ® by Mitsui and TOPAS ® by TOPAS advanced polymers (TAP: formerly Ticona and Hoechst) [15,16]. COPs are prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of cycloolefin followed by hydrogenation [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24], and commercialized under the trade names Zeonex ® and Zeonor ® by Zeon [25] and Arton ® by Japan Synthetic Rubber (JSR) [20,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of High Performance Cyclic Olefin Polymers (COPs) with Ester Group via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Cui

Yang

et al. 2015

Polymers

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Novel ester group functionalized cyclic olefin polymers (COPs) with high glass transition temperature, high transparency, good mechanical performance and excellent film forming ability have been achieved in this work via efficient ring-opening metathesis copolymerization of exo 4,4a,9,9a,10(1′, and comonomers (5-norbornene-2-yl methylacetate (NMA), 5-norbornene-2-yl methyl 2-ethylhexanoate (NME) or 5-norbornene-2-yl methyldodecanoate (NMD)) utilizing the Grubbs first generation catalyst, Ru(CHPh)(Cl)2(PCy3)2 (Cy = cyclohexyl, G1), followed by hydrogenation of double bonds in the main chain. The fully hydrogenated copolymers were characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, FT-IR spectroscopy analysis, gel permeation chromatography, and thermo gravimetric analysis. Differential scanning calorimetry curves showed that the glass transition temperatures (Tg) linearly decreased with the increasing of comonomers content, which was easily controlled by changing feed ratios of HBM and comonomers. Static water contact angles tests indicate that hydrophilicity of copolymers can also be modulated by changing the comonomers incorporation. Additionally, the mechanical performances of copolymers were also investigated.

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“…Thermoplastic polymers recently synthesized by means of metallocene-based catalysts have attracted the attention of many researchers and producers. Particular interest has been focused on the synthesis and characterization of cycloolefin copolymers (COCs) [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13], which are amorphous thermoplastics obtained by copolymerization of norbornene and ethylene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Linear low density polyethylene/cycloolefin copolymer blends

Dorigato¹,

Pegoretti²,

Fambri³

et al. 2011

Express Polym. Lett.

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Abstract. Linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) was melt compounded with various amounts of a cycloolefin copolymer (COC). Scanning and transmission electron microscopy evidenced, at qualitative level, some interfacial adhesion between LLDPE and COC. Another indication of interactions between the components was the increase of crystallinity degree with rising COC content and the enhancement of COC glass transition temperature with the LLDPE fraction. In order to explain this behaviour, the incorporation of ethylene segments of COC into the LLDPE crystalline phase, leading to an increased number of norbornene units in the remaining COC component undergoing the glass transition, was hypothesized. The thermo-oxidative degradation stability of LLDPE was substantially enhanced by COC introduction for filler contents higher than 20 wt%, especially when an oxidative atmosphere was considered. An increasing fraction of COC in the blends was responsible for an enhancement of the elastic modulus and of a decrease in the strain at break, while tensile strength passed through a minimum, in agreement with the model predictions based on the equivalent box model and equations provided by the percolation theory. The introduction of a rising COC amount in the blends increased the maximum load sustained by the samples in impact tests, but decreased the blend ductility. Concurrently, a significant reduction of the creep compliance of LLDPE was observed for COC fractions higher than 20 wt%.

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Cited by 135 publications

References 16 publications

Design of Efficient Molecular Catalysts for Synthesis of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers (COC) by Copolymerization of Ethylene and α-Olefins with Norbornene or Tetracyclododecene

Design of Efficient Molecular Catalysts for Synthesis of Cyclic Olefin Copolymers (COC) by Copolymerization of Ethylene and α-Olefins with Norbornene or Tetracyclododecene

Synthesis of High Performance Cyclic Olefin Polymers (COPs) with Ester Group via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization

Linear low density polyethylene/cycloolefin copolymer blends

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