Ethical Guidelines for the Construction of Digital Nudges

Meske, Christian; Amojo, Ireti

doi:10.48550/arxiv.2003.05249

Cited by 5 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Self-or co-regulatory initiatives such as codes of conduct and ethics can play an important supporting role in protecting consumers from dark patterns, for example where targeted policy responses are yet to be fully developed, where they provide additional protections beyond legal requirements, or where they play a monitoring and enforcement role supplementing a consumer authority (OECD, 2015 [220]).…”

Section: Complementarity To Robust Regulatory and Enforcement Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark commercial patterns

2022

OECD Digital Economy Papers

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There is mounting concern that dark commercial patterns may cause substantial consumer detriment. These practices, which are commonly found in online user interfaces, steer, deceive, coerce, or manipulate consumers into making choices that often are not in their best interests. In light of the growing need to address dark commercial patterns comprehensively, the OECD Committee on Consumer Policy first held a roundtable on the topic in November 2020 (OECD, 2021[9]). This report builds on the roundtable discussion, in particular by proposing a working definition of dark commercial patterns, setting out evidence of their prevalence and harms, and identifying possible policy and enforcement responses to assist consumer policy makers and authorities in addressing them. It also documents possible approaches consumers and businesses may take to mitigate dark commercial patterns.The report was prepared by Nicholas McSpedden-Brown, under the supervision of Brigitte Acoca of the OECD Secretariat and in consultation with the Committee on Consumer Policy's advisory group on dark commercial patterns. It was approved and declassified by written procedure by the Committee on Consumer Policy on 24 August 2022 and prepared for publication by the OECD Secretariat.

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Section: Complementarity To Robust Regulatory and Enforcement Measuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dark commercial patterns

2022

OECD Digital Economy Papers

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“…However, this nudging requires ethical consideration in the way they work. [21] presents guidelines for designing such ethical digital nudges. An argument has been put forward in [22] which claims that although humans are bounded rational, they do not pass on their limitations to the machines.…”

Section: Augmenting Rationalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rationality in current era -- A recent survey

Das¹

2022

Preprint

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Rationality has been an intriguing topic for several decades. Even the scope of definition of rationality across different subjects varies.Several theories (e.g., game theory) initially evolved on the basis that agents (e.g., humans) are perfectly rational. One interpretation of perfect rationality is that agents always make the optimal decision which maximizes their expected utilities. However, subsequently this assumption was relaxed to include bounded rationality where agents have limitations in terms of computing resources and biases which prevents them to take the optimal decision. However, with recent advances in (quantum) computing, artificial intelligence (AI), science and technology etc., has led to the thought that perhaps the concept of rationality would be augmented with machine intelligence which will enable agents to take decision optimally with higher regularity. However, there are divergent views on this topic.The paper attempts to put forward a recent survey (last five years) of research on these divergent views. These views may be grouped into three schools of thoughts. The first school is the one which is sceptical of progress of AI and believes that human intelligence will always supersede machine intelligence. The second school of thought thinks that advent of AI and advances in computing will help in better understanding of bounded rationality. Third school of thought believes that bounds of bounded rationality will be extended by advances in AI and various other fields. This survey hopes to provide a starting point for further research.

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“…The most prominent harm identified by participants was harm to themselves (135) both of psychological and physical nature. This was followed by mentions of financial harm (89), such as debt and unreasonable spending (51). Fewer participants evoked cybersecurity 9 https://www.stata.com/ threats (31) or harm to their privacy (16).…”

Section: Awareness Of Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, regardless of their own age, they evoked apprehension for vulnerable people (mentioned by 17 participants) and specifically for young people (14), the elderly (12), and children (11). For these people, they worried about the influence on spending behaviour (51), leading to financial losses (89). They furthermore expressed worry about the presence of false or misleading information (45), coupled with their understanding that online services only serve pre-filtered information (22) which influence people's opinions (41) and impede informed choices (20).…”

Section: Awareness Of Influencementioning

confidence: 99%

“…At the same time, persuasive technology heuristics (e.g., [37]) may be adapted to assess the potential manipulative effects of digital products even before their release. Building on such initiatives and [48,51], we plan to develop a standardised transparency impact assessment process for interface design.…”

Section: Eliminating Dark Patterns From Digital Servicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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I am Definitely Manipulated, Even When I am Aware of it. It s Ridiculous! -- Dark Patterns from the End-User Perspective

Bongard-Blanchy,

Rossi,

Rivas

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Online services pervasively employ manipulative designs (i.e., dark patterns) to influence users to purchase goods and subscriptions, spend more time on-site, or mindlessly accept the harvesting of their personal data. To protect users from the lure of such designs, we asked: are users aware of the presence of dark patterns? If so, are they able to resist them? By surveying 406 individuals, we found that they are generally aware of the influence that manipulative designs can exert on their online behaviour. However, being aware does not equip users with the ability to oppose such influence. We further find that respondents, especially younger ones, often recognise the "darkness" of certain designs, but remain unsure of the actual harm they may suffer. Finally, we discuss a set of interventions (e.g., bright patterns, design frictions, training games, applications to expedite legal enforcement) in the light of our findings.CCS Concepts: • Security and privacy → Social aspects of security and privacy; Usability in security and privacy; • Humancentered computing → Empirical studies in HCI; Graphical user interfaces.

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Ethical Guidelines for the Construction of Digital Nudges

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Dark commercial patterns

Dark commercial patterns

Rationality in current era -- A recent survey

I am Definitely Manipulated, Even When I am Aware of it. It s Ridiculous! -- Dark Patterns from the End-User Perspective

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