Ethical Hazards: A Motive, Means, and Opportunity Approach to Curbing Corporate Unethical Behavior

Pendse, Shripad G.

doi:10.1007/s10551-011-1037-0

Cited by 40 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It is also illegal.'' The same consideration, as pointed out by Pendse (2012), applies to bribery. Moreover, bribery is a form of behavior that is criminalized not only in national, but also in international legislation: The United Kingdom Bribery Act and The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act are important examples of the latter (Jordan 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…As pointed out by Coleman (1987): ''If there is no opportunity, there will be no crime'' (p. 424). Hence, from a criminological viewpoint, the opportunity to engage in certain behavior is an essential component in any potentially unethical or criminal act (Pendse 2012). Opportunity is also a prominent factor in studies aimed at explaining corruption (Aguilera and Vadera 2008;Pinto et al 2008).…”

Section: Explaining Corruption and Integrating Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Costs include the probability of detection and the severity of sanctions (Becker 1968;Klepper and Nagin 1989). Expected gains in economic theory are usually of a monetary nature (Coleman 1987;Pendse 2012). Decisions to engage in corrupt transactions may, however, also include non-monetary considerations, such as excitement, pleasure, or status (Huberts and Nelen 2005;Langsted 2012;Prabowo 2014).…”

Section: H3mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The focus of this study is therefore on a specific form of corruption, on behavior that is closely related to the legal term bribery. As Kish-Gephart et al (2010) have noted, there is sometimes an overlap between illegal conduct and unethical conduct, with bribery being both unethical and illegal (Pendse 2012). Kish-Gephart et al (2010) define unethical behavior as ''any organizational member action that violates widely accepted (societal) moral norms'' (p. 2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption Among Public Officials and Business Employees

2016

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The aim of this study is to better understand why public officials and business employees engage in corruption. Insight into individual-level explanations for corruption was obtained with the aid of a self-report survey. The results suggest that the most indicative factors of whether or not individuals are corruption-prone are as follows: the moral conviction they have to refrain from corruption; perceptions of whether their colleagues approve of and engage in corruption; and difficulties experienced in complying with the rules on corruption. This result pattern was identical for public officials and business employees alike, and as a consequence, for both sides of corrupt acts. The latter indicates that the same motives may not only underlie corruption in both private and public sectors, but also the act of corruption in its active and passive forms. The results of the current study do not provide strong support for the assumption that economic considerations-expected costs and benefits-are crucial in predicting corruption. Based on the findings that norms and the perceived opportunity to comply are dominant factors in explaining corruption, this article focuses on the practical implications for the development of anti-corruption strategies within both public and private sectors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Explaining Corruption and Integrating Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: H3mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption Among Public Officials and Business Employees

2016

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“…Motive refers to the reasons for performing an illegal or unethical act (McKendall and Wagner, , Pendse, ). One source of motivation is the payoff associated with the act (Lazear, )—as payoffs increase, motivation also increases.…”

Section: Literature and Hypothesesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of firm size, asset ownership, and market prices on regulatory violations

Scott

Nyaga

2019

J of Ops Management

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An individual's temptation to violate regulations for personal gain increases with the economic payoff to do so. Firms, however, adopt strategies to reduce undesirable behavior from their employees. This article examines how individuals change their propensity to violate regulations as the price for their services varies. We posit that individuals will commit more intentional, but not unintentional, violations as the payoff to do so increases, and that this effect will be moderated by the size of the firm for whom he or she works and whether the firm or the individual owns the assets used for production. To test our hypotheses, we link data from millions of inspections of truck driver logbooks with spot market prices observed over the same 4‐year period. We find that drivers who operate independently intentionally violate restrictions on their work hours more frequently when prices increase—violating 34% more frequently when prices are at their highest versus lowest—but larger firms and the firm's ownership of the assets reduce a driver's responsiveness to price changes. At the extreme, drivers for large asset‐owning firms are completely unresponsive to prices. Asset‐owning drivers are responsive to market prices, even for the largest firms.

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Breaking the Cyber Kill Chain by Modelling Resource Costs

Haga

Meland

Sindre

2020

Graphical Models for Security

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To combat cybercrime, a clearer understanding of the attacks and the offenders is necessary. When there is little available data about attack incidents, which is usually the case for new technology, one can make estimations about the necessary investments an offender would need to compromise the system. The next step would be to implement measures that increase these costs to a level that makes the attack unattractive. Our research method follows the principles of design science, where cycles of research activities are used to create artefact intended to solve real-world problems. Our artefacts are an approach for creating a resource costs model (RCM) and an accompanying modelling tool implemented as a web application. These are used to find the required attacker resources at each stage of the cyber kill chain. End user feedback show that structured visualisation of the required resources would raise the awareness of the cyberthreat. This approach has its strength and provides best accuracy with specific attacks, but is more limited when there are many possible attack vectors of different type.

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Ethical Hazards: A Motive, Means, and Opportunity Approach to Curbing Corporate Unethical Behavior

Cited by 40 publications

References 35 publications

Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption Among Public Officials and Business Employees

Both Sides of the Coin: Motives for Corruption Among Public Officials and Business Employees

The effect of firm size, asset ownership, and market prices on regulatory violations

Breaking the Cyber Kill Chain by Modelling Resource Costs

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