Ethical issues in using social media for health and health care research

McKee, Rebecca

doi:10.1016/j.healthpol.2013.02.006

Cited by 155 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Ethical justification usually consists of referring to explicit consent, public availability, or by taking strict measures to ensure privacy (e.g., [110,111]). This position is not without merit: most authors are largely in agreement that "public" data published on the internet (including through social media) are suitable for research [112][113][114][115]. This is, of course, predicated on properly informed consent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Space, the Final Frontier”: How Good are Agent-Based Models at Simulating Individuals and Space in Cities?

Heppenstall

Malleson

Crooks

2016

Systems

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Cities are complex systems, comprising of many interacting parts. How we simulate and understand causality in urban systems is continually evolving. Over the last decade the agent-based modeling (ABM) paradigm has provided a new lens for understanding the effects of interactions of individuals and how through such interactions macro structures emerge, both in the social and physical environment of cities. However, such a paradigm has been hindered due to computational power and a lack of large fine scale datasets. Within the last few years we have witnessed a massive increase in computational processing power and storage, combined with the onset of Big Data. Today geographers find themselves in a data rich era. We now have access to a variety of data sources (e.g., social media, mobile phone data, etc.) that tells us how, and when, individuals are using urban spaces. These data raise several questions: can we effectively use them to understand and model cities as complex entities? How well have ABM approaches lent themselves to simulating the dynamics of urban processes? What has been, or will be, the influence of Big Data on increasing our ability to understand and simulate cities? What is the appropriate level of spatial analysis and time frame to model urban phenomena? Within this paper we discuss these questions using several examples of ABM applied to urban geography to begin a dialogue about the utility of ABM for urban modeling. The arguments that the paper raises are applicable across the wider research environment where researchers are considering using this approach.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Space, the Final Frontier”: How Good are Agent-Based Models at Simulating Individuals and Space in Cities?

Heppenstall

Malleson

Crooks

2016

Systems

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“…Nevertheless, much has been written about the perception that users do not necessarily treat social media as a purely public space (McKee, 2013). Mikal et al (2016) found that many Twitter users in focus groups do have a skewed expectation of privacy, even in an explicitly public platform like Twitter, driven by "users' (1) failure to understand data permanence, (2) failure to understand data reach, and (3) failure to understand the big data computational tools that can be used to analyze posts".…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ethical issues surrounding social media research have been discussed in numerous papers, a survey of which can be found in McKee (2013) and Conway (2014). Additionally, Mikal et al (2016) used focus groups to understand the perceived ethics of using social media data for mental health research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Proceedings of the First ACL Workshop on Ethics in Natural Language Processing

Hovy

Spruit

Bender

et al. 2017

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Welcome to the first ACL Workshop on Ethics in Natural Language Processing! We are pleased to have participants from a variety of backgrounds and perspectives: social science, computational linguistics, and philosophy; academia, industry, and government.The workshop consists of invited talks, contributed discussion papers, posters, demos, and a panel discussion. Invited speakers include Graeme Hirst, a Professor in NLP at the University of Toronto, who works on lexical semantics, pragmatics, and text classification, with applications to intelligent text understanding for disabled users; Quirine Eijkman, a Senior Researcher at Leiden University, who leads work on security governance, the sociology of law, and human right; Jason Baldridge, a co-founder and Chief Scientist of People Pattern, who specializes in computational models of discourse as well as the interaction between machine learning and human bias; and Joanna Bryson, a Reader in artificial intelligence and natural intelligence at the University of Bath, who works on action selection, systems AI, transparency of AI, political polarization, income inequality, and ethics in AI.We received paper submissions that span a wide range of topics, addressing issues related to overgeneralization, dual use, privacy protection, bias in NLP models, underrepresentation, fairness, and more. Their authors share insights about the intersection of NLP and ethics in academic work, industrial work, and clinical work. Common themes include the role of tasks, datasets, annotations, training populations, and modelling. We selected 4 papers for oral presentation, 8 for poster presentation, and one for demo presentation, and have paired each oral presentation with a discussant outside of the authors' areas of expertise to help contextualize the work in a broader perspective. All papers additionally provide the basis for panel and participant discussion.We hope this workshop will help to define and raise awareness of ethical considerations in NLP throughout the community, and will kickstart a recurring theme to consider in future NLP conferences. We would like to thank all authors, speakers, panelists, and discussants for their thoughtful contributions. We are also grateful for our sponsors (Bloomberg, Google, and HITS), who have helped making the workshop in this form possible.The Organizers Margaret, Dirk, Shannon, Emily, Hanna, Michael AbstractWe present results on a quantitative analysis of publications in the NLP domain on collecting, publishing and availability of research data. We find that a wide range of publications rely on data crawled from the web, but few give details on how potentially sensitive data was treated. Additionally, we find that while links to repositories of data are given, they often do not work even a short time after publication. We put together several suggestions on how to improve this situation based on publications from the NLP domain, but also other research areas. IntroductionThe Natural Language Processing (NLP) community makes extensive use o...

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“…The evaluation on the questionnaire responses revealed that the majority of healthcare professionals use the social network Facebook (43%), with the following motives for using it: professional-patient communication (14%); marketing (20%); and communication with colleagues (22%) 14 . Other studies have shown that healthcare professionals have used social networks to spread messages related to health promotion, medical education and publicizing of conferences 15 .…”

Section: From the Imagesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redes sociais, privacidade, confidencialidade e ética: a exposição de imagens de pacientes no facebook

Martorell

Nascimento

Garrafa

2015

Interface (Botucatu)

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This investigation aimed to study exhibition of patients on Facebook promoted by doctors and dentists. Data were gathered between the months of August and September 2013, through retrospectively selecting 39 images that had been published by 17 professionals. In these images, it was possible to identify situations of breach of confidentiality and/or privacy. The principle of respect for individuals' privacy and confidentiality forms part of the main international documents relating to the field of ethics. Both the State and professional bodies have an obligation to protect victims from exhibition of images that compromise the inalienable right to privacy. This study emphasizes that such exposure has negative consequences for patients, healthcare professions and society. It is recommended that this issue should be addressed by all teachers across their institution, with discussions stimulated and guided by the disciplines of Bioethics.

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Ethical issues in using social media for health and health care research

Cited by 155 publications

References 26 publications

“Space, the Final Frontier”: How Good are Agent-Based Models at Simulating Individuals and Space in Cities?

“Space, the Final Frontier”: How Good are Agent-Based Models at Simulating Individuals and Space in Cities?

Proceedings of the First ACL Workshop on Ethics in Natural Language Processing

Redes sociais, privacidade, confidencialidade e ética: a exposição de imagens de pacientes no facebook

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