Ethical principles for artificial intelligence in K-12 education

Adams, Catherine; Pente, Patti; Lemermeyer, Gillian; Rockwell, Geoffrey

doi:10.1016/j.caeai.2023.100131

Cited by 70 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The possibilities abound for the use of AI to benefit children's early education. Yet there are also drawbacks, giving rise to ethical concerns and considerations (Adams et al, 2022; Jobin et al, 2019). While this article is not meant to provide an exhaustive list of all the positive and negative effects, we offer a few examples worthy of consideration.…”

Section: Ai As a Double-edged Swordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence as a double-edged sword: Wielding the POWER principles to maximize its positive effects and minimize its negative effects

Chen

Lin

2023

Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood

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Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) over the last few decades are transforming the world, pervading nearly all sectors of society, including education, and many aspects of life. In the education discourse, interest in artificial intelligence has sparked various reactions and controversies—everything from appreciation for AI's capabilities to make teaching and student learning more efficient and effective to apprehension about their potential overuse and misuse. In this article, the authors discuss how artificial intelligence is a double-edged sword in early childhood education by presenting some of its positive effects (personalized learning, personalized interactive support, and increased accessibility to broadened learning experiences) and negative effects (overuse and misuse). Considering that young children are growing up in a nearly AI-ubiquitous world and are likely exposed to AI-powered tools, the authors propose applying the POWER (purposeful, optimal, wise, ethical, responsible) principles to maximize the benefits and minimize the drawbacks of AI use. Additionally, the authors recommend the integration of the POWER principles into AI literacy as an imperative for promoting the appropriate use of AI-powered tools.

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Section: Ai As a Double-edged Swordmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence as a double-edged sword: Wielding the POWER principles to maximize its positive effects and minimize its negative effects

Chen

Lin

2023

Contemporary Issues in Early Childhood

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“…With education's chief performance mandate to enable future generations for responsible participation in societal, political, cultural and economic processes [8], educational institutions are urged to adapt to the changing requirements of the educational and vocational domains to safeguard high-quality, relevant and fit-for-purpose teaching and research practices [4,9]. To ensure education continues to optimally prepare forthcoming generations to succeed in their complex futures, curricula need to be aligned with the relevant skills and knowledge that will be relevant in the future [10]. The plethora of frameworks and guidelines that attempt to predict these skills [11,12] -while not without their challenges [12,13] -reinforce the importance of inclusive quality education and lifelong learning opportunities to contribute to a progressive and healthy society [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teacher Educator Professionalism in the Age of AI: Navigating the New Landscape of Quality Education

Rütti-Joy,

Winder,

Biedermann

2024

Artificial Intelligence

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This conceptual chapter discusses how requirements for teacher educator professionalism may be impacted by the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in teacher education. With the aim to continuously facilitate high-quality teacher education, teacher education institutions must evolve in alignment with the rapidly changing landscape of AI and the respective shifting educational needs. Amidst this evolution, we argue that profound AI Literacy and AI-related ethical knowledge constitute two additional and inextricably intertwined knowledge facets of teacher educator professionalism essential for an ethical and effective integration of AI into teaching practices – and thus crucial for high quality teacher education. The paper explores avenues through which these facets of teacher professional competence and quality education can be fostered on the micro, meso and macro levels of institutional education. By consolidating the specific requirements in a framework for teacher educator professionalism in the age of AI, we highlight the necessity for continuous adaptation of teacher education institutions, ongoing multidisciplinary collaboration, and the provision of periodic professional development of educators. Finally, the chapter presents a concrete practical example and future research directions in AI and education with the aim to contribute to the advancement of quality education in the AI era.

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“…However, they also carry potential risks and ethical considerations, particularly when it comes to public health, as recently highlighted by the World Health Organization that has called for caution in using these technologies [19][20][21]. LLMs, lacking the ability to reason, may produce results with critical mistakes and have demonstrated significant drawbacks, such as generating misinformation and falsifying data, potentially leading to patient injury that in turn raises liability concerns [22] while concomitantly highlighting the need for a comprehensive framework to address present compliance and reliability issues, especially in regulated settings like health care [23]. Other published studies have examined the use, impact, and potential threat of LLMs in pharmacy education and practice (eg, answering clinical pharmacy questions), their use in medical consultations regarding drug-to-drug interactions and drug-related questions related to risk, and evaluated LLM-generated responses to prompts containing vaccine conspiracies and misconceptions [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Search Engines and Generative Artificial Intelligence Integration: Public Health Risks and Recommendations to Safeguard Consumers Online

Ashraf,

Mackey,

Fittler

2024

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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Background The online pharmacy market is growing, with legitimate online pharmacies offering advantages such as convenience and accessibility. However, this increased demand has attracted malicious actors into this space, leading to the proliferation of illegal vendors that use deceptive techniques to rank higher in search results and pose serious public health risks by dispensing substandard or falsified medicines. Search engine providers have started integrating generative artificial intelligence (AI) into search engine interfaces, which could revolutionize search by delivering more personalized results through a user-friendly experience. However, improper integration of these new technologies carries potential risks and could further exacerbate the risks posed by illicit online pharmacies by inadvertently directing users to illegal vendors. Objective The role of generative AI integration in reshaping search engine results, particularly related to online pharmacies, has not yet been studied. Our objective was to identify, determine the prevalence of, and characterize illegal online pharmacy recommendations within the AI-generated search results and recommendations. Methods We conducted a comparative assessment of AI-generated recommendations from Google’s Search Generative Experience (SGE) and Microsoft Bing’s Chat, focusing on popular and well-known medicines representing multiple therapeutic categories including controlled substances. Websites were individually examined to determine legitimacy, and known illegal vendors were identified by cross-referencing with the National Association of Boards of Pharmacy and LegitScript databases. Results Of the 262 websites recommended in the AI-generated search results, 47.33% (124/262) belonged to active online pharmacies, with 31.29% (82/262) leading to legitimate ones. However, 19.04% (24/126) of Bing Chat’s and 13.23% (18/136) of Google SGE’s recommendations directed users to illegal vendors, including for controlled substances. The proportion of illegal pharmacies varied by drug and search engine. A significant difference was observed in the distribution of illegal websites between search engines. The prevalence of links leading to illegal online pharmacies selling prescription medications was significantly higher (P=.001) in Bing Chat (21/86, 24%) compared to Google SGE (6/92, 6%). Regarding the suggestions for controlled substances, suggestions generated by Google led to a significantly higher number of rogue sellers (12/44, 27%; P=.02) compared to Bing (3/40, 7%). Conclusions While the integration of generative AI into search engines offers promising potential, it also poses significant risks. This is the first study to shed light on the vulnerabilities within these platforms while highlighting the potential public health implications associated with their inadvertent promotion of illegal pharmacies. We found a concerning proportion of AI-generated recommendations that led to illegal online pharmacies, which could not only potentially increase their traffic but also further exacerbate existing public health risks. Rigorous oversight and proper safeguards are urgently needed in generative search to mitigate consumer risks, making sure to actively guide users to verified pharmacies and prioritize legitimate sources while excluding illegal vendors from recommendations.

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Ethical principles for artificial intelligence in K-12 education

Cited by 70 publications

References 13 publications

Artificial intelligence as a double-edged sword: Wielding the POWER principles to maximize its positive effects and minimize its negative effects

Artificial intelligence as a double-edged sword: Wielding the POWER principles to maximize its positive effects and minimize its negative effects

Teacher Educator Professionalism in the Age of AI: Navigating the New Landscape of Quality Education

Search Engines and Generative Artificial Intelligence Integration: Public Health Risks and Recommendations to Safeguard Consumers Online

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