Ethnic and Racial Self-Identifications of Second-Generation Canadians of African and Caribbean Heritage

Litchmore, Rashelle; Safdar, Saba; O’Doherty, Kieran C.

doi:10.1177/0095798414568454

Cited by 56 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…Additionally, the survey that was used for the analysis asked a question that required adolescents to identify racial and ethnic background as African. Consequently, the analysis did not evaluate the cultural diversity of Blacks, and the socially constructed identities and racial ethnic categories that might influence experiences of racial discrimination [ 28 ]. Hence, intergroup differences in experiences of racial discrimination and link with the health and well-being of African adolescents is a potential area for future study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifteen-year trends in self-reported racism and link with health and well-being of African Canadian adolescents: a secondary data analysis

Okoye

Saewyc

2021

Int J Equity Health

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Background We assessed the prevalence and trends in racial discrimination among African Canadian adolescents in British Columbia. The association between racial discrimination and self-rated health, access to mental health services, substance use, suicidal thoughts and attempts, experience of extreme stress, among others were examined within the 2018 dataset. Methods Secondary analysis used the data collected from African Canadian adolescents (n = 2448) as part of the British Columbia Adolescent Health Surveys (2003–2018). We examined whether racial discrimination increased, decreased, or remained stable over time. We evaluated experiences of racial discrimination for all adolescents, and then disaggregated analyses for boys, girls, immigrant, and Canadian-born African adolescents. We used Rao-Scott’s adjusted chi-square to test differences in racial discrimination and adjusted logistic regressions to test trends across survey years, widening or narrowing gaps in racial discrimination, as well as the link to health outcomes. Results Racial discrimination was significantly different across the survey years (Adjusted F = 4.60, p < .01), with the highest percentage of adolescents reporting past year racial discrimination in 2018 (29.9%) and the lowest percentage in 2013 (21.3%). Girls and immigrant African Canadian adolescents were more likely to have experienced racial discrimination. However, girls and Canadian-born adolescents had the highest odds of reporting racial discrimination in 2018 compared to 2003, AOR = 1.85, and 1.58, respectively. The findings reveal significant differences in the experiences of racial discrimination for boys and girls, as well as for immigrant and Canadian-born African adolescents. Significant differences were noted in the link between racial discrimination and self-rated health and engaging in behaviours that might expose them to health risks. The worst negative health outcomes were found for boys and immigrant African Canadian adolescents. Conclusion The study suggests that more than 1 in 4 African Canadian adolescents in British Columbia report racial discrimination, which is an increasing trend in recent years. Those who reported racial discrimination also had the worst adverse health outcomes. There is a need for more public health action to reduce racism, create awareness about the negative health impacts, and provide better support for African Canadian adolescents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fifteen-year trends in self-reported racism and link with health and well-being of African Canadian adolescents: a secondary data analysis

Okoye

Saewyc

2021

Int J Equity Health

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“…Although reporting race is particularly expected in psychological studies and widely considered a sign of methodological rigor (O’Hare, 2014), there is also increasing criticism of the tendency to use race as a variable without carefully considering why and how it is being used (O’Hare, 2014; Smedley & Smedley, 2005). There is increasing recognition that race is a social construction, and the meaning of race cannot be separated from the particular sociocultural context in which racialized and White identities are embedded (e.g., Litchmore, Safdar, & O’Doherty, 2016; Myrie, 2017). In this study, we were not planning to conduct analyses according to categories of social identity, and we felt that by not asking about predetermined social categories, participants could position themselves in ways that were meaningful to them.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “stuff” of narrative identity: Touring big and small stories in emerging adults’ dorm rooms.

Breen¹,

Scott²,

McLean³

2021

Qualitative Psychology

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“…At 8-9 years old, the national identifications of children become clearer, which is due to their communication in the language of the nation, living on its territory, the appearance of national feelings in them (Abramova, Goncharova and Kostyuk 2018). At the age of 10-11, children begin to realise the authenticity of the history and life of their nation in comparison with others (Litchmore, Safdar and O'Doherty. 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Model of Self-Identification of Youth in the Global Communication Environment

Bakulov¹,

Silenko²,

Поломошнов³

et al. 2022

Int. J. Criminol. Sociol.

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Identity is the result of an identification process. The essence of the identification process is expressed in the acceptance of a certain social role by an individual in the process of entering a social group. The psychological meaning of the phenomenon of "identity" reflects the inner identity and integrity of an individual. This phenomenon can affect both an individual and a group. The novelty of the research is determined by the fact that important factors in the process of identity development are specific events in the past and present, periods of crisis and changes in the history of society. It is shown that the main psychological mechanism for the development of identity is identification associated with the interaction between an individual and a social group. The development of personality identity includes a number of types of identity and continues during ontogenesis, is a dynamic and uneven process. The authors show that the concept of national identity within the framework of various fields of psychological science can relate to a group and a person. The practical significance of the study is determined by the fact that in the study the authors understand national identity as the cognitive and emotional awareness of a person of his own belonging to a particular nation, which has its own characteristics. Student (late adolescence) age is decisive in the formation of a person's identity and sensitive for the development of his national identity. The psychological mechanism for the development of a person's national identity at this age is national identification. An insufficient study of the development of the national identity of student youth has been established.

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Ethnic and Racial Self-Identifications of Second-Generation Canadians of African and Caribbean Heritage

Cited by 56 publications

References 52 publications

Fifteen-year trends in self-reported racism and link with health and well-being of African Canadian adolescents: a secondary data analysis

Fifteen-year trends in self-reported racism and link with health and well-being of African Canadian adolescents: a secondary data analysis

The “stuff” of narrative identity: Touring big and small stories in emerging adults’ dorm rooms.

Model of Self-Identification of Youth in the Global Communication Environment

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