Ethnic Differences in Adaptation: Sino-Vietnamese Refugees in the United States

Salud mental y estrés por aculturación en inmigrantes sudamericanos en el norte de Chile

“…Una de las limitantes del estudio es su carácter transversal, dado que no nos permite seguir el curso de la relación entre la presencia de estrés y la aparición de trastornos diagnosticables de salud mental. De igual manera, dado el tipo de estudio, no fue posible incorporar en esta etapa variables mediadoras de la salud mental a nivel individual, toda vez que las características propias de una persona podrían actuar como recursos del sujeto para afrontar la situación [39][40][41] . Pese a esto, la información obtenida en esta investigación permite orientar diversas intervenciones en población inmigrante, permitiendo por un lado describir la salud mental de dicha población, así como factores de riesgo que inciden en ella.…”

Refugees into Immigrants: Assessing the Adjustment of Southeast Asian Refugees in the U. S., 1975-1990

“…On the assumption that a dispersed settlement pattern would speed their social and economic adaptation to American society, private and public programs, such as the Cuban Refugee Relocation Program or the Inter Agency Task Force on Refugees, have often guided their settlement within the U.S. (Baker and North 1985;Bean and Tienda 1987;Desbarats 1985;1986;McHugh et al 1997).…”

“…Among refugee groups that have received considerable attention within the literature are the Southeast Asian refugees, which include Vietnamese, Cambodians and Laotians (see, for example, Baker and North 1985;Desbarats 1985Desbarats , 1986Haines 1989;Portes and Rumbaut 1996). Out of these three groups, the Vietnamese represented the majority of arrivals, with Laotians and Cambodians accounting for smaller but significant shares.…”

“…This second wave of refugee arrivals was more ethnically heterogeneous, including ethnic-Vietnamese and Sino-Vietnamese 'boat people', survivors of the Pol Pot regime in Kampuchea, the lowland Lao, and the Hmong (Desbarats 1985;Haines 1989). Second wave arrivals had generally lower levels of endowed human capital, with many coming from rural areas with little education, poor knowledge of the English language, and few labour skills (Haines 1989;Desbarats 1986). Following 1982, admission levels were reduced, although the Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) recorded the entry of some 15,000 Vietnamese refugees even in fiscal year 1990, or approximately 39 percent of all arrivals from Vietnam.…”

“…Although the impact of the Federal government's attempt at dispersion was still visible, the Vietnamese were characterized by increasing spatial concentration at the state and local levels. Prior to 1975, no sizeable Vietnamese community existed within the U.S., but approximately 45 percent of the Indochinese refugees who arrived in the U.S. in 1975 resided in a different state by 1980, with secondary migration occurring shortly after arrival (Baker and North 1984;Desbarats 1986). Later, the emergence of ethnic communities within metropolitan areas such as Los Angeles reinforced the in-migration of co-ethnics while attracting new refugee arrivals.…”