Ethnic differences in resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient and body temperature: a comparison of Africans and European Australians

Nsatimba, P. A. Adzika; Pathak, Kaveri; Soares, Mário J.

doi:10.1007/s00394-015-1000-4

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…However, adding feelings of connection to the regression model explained an additional 13.4% of the variance in oral temperature and this R 2 change was significant ( F (4, 49) = 3.51, p = .01). In other words, the association between oral temperature and feelings of connection held after controlling for sex, ethnicity, and BMI, factors known to alter oral temperature [ 30 – 32 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The association between oral temperature and feelings of connection was tested first on its own and then controlling for other factors that are known to alter internal body temperature (i.e. sex, ethnicity, and BMI; [ 30 – 32 ]). A two stage hierarchical multiple regression was conducted with feelings of connection as the dependent variable.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Pilot Study Examining Physical and Social Warmth: Higher (Non-Febrile) Oral Temperature Is Associated with Greater Feelings of Social Connection

et al. 2016

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An emerging literature suggests that experiences of physical warmth contribute to social warmth—the experience of feeling connected to others. Thus, thermoregulatory systems, which help maintain our relatively warm internal body temperatures, may also support feelings of social connection. However, the association between internal body temperature and feelings of connection has not been examined. Furthermore, the origins of the link between physical and social warmth, via learning during early experiences with a caregiver or via innate, co-evolved mechanisms, remain unclear. The current study examined the relationship between oral temperature and feelings of social connection as well as whether early caregiver experiences moderated this relationship. Extending the existing literature, higher oral temperature readings were associated with greater feelings of social connection. Moreover, early caregiver experiences did not moderate this association, suggesting that the physical-social warmth overlap may not be altered by early social experience. Results provide additional support for the link between experiences of physical warmth and social warmth and add to existing theories that highlight social connection as a basic need on its own.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Pilot Study Examining Physical and Social Warmth: Higher (Non-Febrile) Oral Temperature Is Associated with Greater Feelings of Social Connection

et al. 2016

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“…Today, most Hispanic Americans in Central America have some Native American genes, which might be associated with higher core temperatures. In contrast, Africans tend to have highly coupled mitochondria, with lower resting metabolic rates and lower core temperatures (1,30,31). Such data might provide an explanation for the conundrum that the epidemic may be greater among Hispanic Americans in Central America working the sugarcane fields as opposed to Hispanic Americans from Africa or the Caribbean, the latter having individuals with significant African ancestry (22).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increase of core temperature affected the progression of kidney injury by repeated heat stress exposure

Sato

Roncal-Jiménez

Andrés-Hernando

et al. 2019

American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology

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An epidemic of chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (Mesoamerican nephropathy) has emerged in hot regions of Central America. We have demonstrated that dehydration associated with recurrent heat exposure causes chronic kidney disease in animal models. However, the independent influence of core body temperature on kidney injury has not been explored. In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that kidney injury could be accelerated by increasing body temperature independent of external temperature. Wild-type mice were exposed to heat (39.5°C, 30 min, 2 times daily) with or without the mitochondrial uncoupling agent 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) for 10 days. Core temperature, renal function, proteinuria, and renal histological and biochemical analyses were performed. Isolated mitochondria markers of oxidative stress were evaluated from kidney tissue. DNP increased body core temperature in response to heat by 1°C (42 vs. 41°C), which was transient. The mild increase in temperature correlated with worsening albuminuria ( R = 0.715, P < 001), renal tubular injury, and interstitial infiltration of monocytes/macrophages. Tubular injury was marked in the outer medulla. This was associated with a reduction in kidney tissue ATP levels (nonheated control: 16.71 ± 1.33 nmol/mg and DNP + heat: 13.08 ± 1.12 nmol/mg, P < 0.01), reduced mitochondria, and evidence for mitochondrial oxidative stress. The results of the present study suggest that kidney injury in heat stress is markedly worsened by increasing core temperature. This is consistent with the hypothesis that clinical and subclinical heat stroke may play a role in Mesoamerican nephropathy.

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“…This lowered metabolism has been linked to reduced NST and BAT activity [62]. A study has shown that even after adjusting for lean mass (muscle is more metabolically active), age, sex, and other potential confounders, African ancestry is associated with reduced basal metabolism and lower lipid oxidation compared with European ancestry [63]. Interestingly, this reduced basal metabolism has been identified in young African American women of normal weight and with no history of weight problems, suggesting a causal relationship in obesity [64].…”

Section: Energy Expenditure Variations By Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Early Human Migration on Brown Adipose Tissue Evolution and Its Relevance to the Modern Obesity Pandemic

Sellayah

2018

Journal of the Endocrine Society

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Genetic factors are believed to be primarily responsible for obesity; however, an understanding of how genes for obesity have become so prevalent in modern society has proved elusive. Several theories have attempted to explain the genetic basis for obesity, but none of these appear to factor in the interethnic variation in obesity. Emerging evidence is increasingly pointing to a link between reduced basal metabolism and ineffective brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis. In fact, BAT presence and function are strongly correlated with metabolic rates and directly influence obesity susceptibility. My colleagues and I recently theorized that ancestral exposure to cold necessitated the evolution of enhanced BAT thermogenesis, which, with today’s hypercaloric and sedentary lifestyle, becomes advantageous, because thermogenesis is energetically wasteful, raising basal metabolism and burning excess calories. The opposite may be true for the descendants of heat-adapted populations. This review further reconciles global evolutionary climatic exposures with obesity demographics to understand the genetic basis for the obesity pandemic, and new insights from the most recent studies are provided, including those assessing archaic human admixture. Key genetic variants influencing BAT thermogenesis are outlined that have also been linked with climatic exposure to cold and appear to support the theory that evolutionary factors relevant to climate may have shaped the modern obesity pandemic.

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Ethnic differences in resting metabolic rate, respiratory quotient and body temperature: a comparison of Africans and European Australians

Abstract: In this study, SSA had a lower RMR, higher RQ and lower IET relative to EUR Australians.

Cited by 16 publications

References 45 publications

A Pilot Study Examining Physical and Social Warmth: Higher (Non-Febrile) Oral Temperature Is Associated with Greater Feelings of Social Connection

A Pilot Study Examining Physical and Social Warmth: Higher (Non-Febrile) Oral Temperature Is Associated with Greater Feelings of Social Connection

Increase of core temperature affected the progression of kidney injury by repeated heat stress exposure

The Impact of Early Human Migration on Brown Adipose Tissue Evolution and Its Relevance to the Modern Obesity Pandemic

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