Ethnic Disparity and Increased Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Among South Asians: Aetiology and Future Implications for Diabetes Prevention and Management

Vijayakumar, Venugopal; Mavathur, Ramesh; Sharma, Manjunath N K

doi:10.2174/1573399813666170915132935

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) has increased worldwide (Ogurtsova et al, 2017; Vijayakumar, Mavathur, & Sharma, 2018). According to a 2017 International Diabetes Federation report, 451 million people worldwide currently have a diagnosis of diabetes (Cho et al, 2018; Ogurtsova et al, 2017; Vijayakumar et al, 2018), and 12.2 million people between the ages of 20 and 79 years in Brazil have DM (Ogurtsova et al, 2017). DM is a chronic metabolic condition that leads to chronic complications in various organs and systems, such as cardiovascular problems, retinopathy, nephropathy, and peripheral neuropathy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Insulin Modulates Inflammatory and Proliferative Phases of Burn-Wound Healing in Diabetes-Induced Rats

Azevedo

Moreira

Teixeira

et al. 2019

Biological Research For Nursing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The healing time of burn wounds depends on surface area and depth of the burn and associated comorbidities. Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes delays in the healing process by extending the inflammatory phase. Treatment with topical insulin can improve the inflammatory phase, restore metabolic dysregulation, and modulate impaired cellular signaling in burn wounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate markers of the inflammatory and proliferative phases of second-degree burns after topical insulin treatment in diabetic rats. Type I DM was induced with streptozotocin in male Wistar rats. The animals’ backs were shaved and subjected to thermal burning. Rats were randomized into two groups: control diabetic (DC) and insulin diabetic (DI). At Days 7 and 14 postburn, rats were euthanized, and wound-tissue sections were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin, Weigert, and Verhöeff staining, immunohistochemistry-paraffin, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A significant increase in reepithelialization was seen on Days 7 and 14 in DI versus DC rats. On Day 7, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, and F4/80 expression were increased in DI versus DC rats. On Day 14, MCP-1 expression was decreased and F4/80 increased in DI versus DC rats. On Days 7 and 14, Ki-67, transforming growth factor-β1, vascular endothelial growth factor expression, and formation of elastic fibers were increased in DI versus DC rats. Topical insulin modulates burn-wound healing in diabetic animals by balancing inflammation and promoting angiogenesis and formation of elastic fibers.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Topical Insulin Modulates Inflammatory and Proliferative Phases of Burn-Wound Healing in Diabetes-Induced Rats

Azevedo

Moreira

Teixeira

et al. 2019

Biological Research For Nursing

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The morbidity and mortality associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a global problem [ 1 ]. The prevalence of both diabetes and obesity has increased across Asia in recent decades [ 2 – 8 ], with dietary, lifestyle, socioeconomic, ethnic, and cultural differences influencing regional differences [ 2 , 9 – 11 ]. Compared with populations from Europe and the USA, people of Asian ancestry are at increased risk of T2D due to higher total and visceral adiposity, and are at high risk of complications [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and Safety of Ertugliflozin Added to Metformin: A Pooled Population from Asia with Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity

Liu

et al. 2023

Diabetes Ther

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction The efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin have not been well characterized in Asian populations with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and overweight or obesity as defined by the Chinese Diabetes Society [body mass index (BMI) ≥ 24 kg/m 2 ]. Methods These post hoc analyses of pooled data from two randomized, double-blind, 26-week studies assessed the efficacy and safety of ertugliflozin (5 mg or 15 mg) compared with placebo in participants from Asia with T2D and baseline BMI ≥ 24 kg/m 2 , with inadequate glycemic control on metformin. Longitudinal analyses were used to calculate least squares (LS) mean [95% confidence interval (CI)] change from baseline in glycemic indices and body weight. The proportions of participants achieving efficacy targets and experiencing adverse events (AEs) were assessed. Results The 445 participants had a mean age of 55.5 years, T2D duration 6.6 years, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) 8.1%, and BMI 27.6 kg/m 2 . At week 26, placebo-adjusted LS mean (95% CI) changes from baseline for ertugliflozin 5 mg and 15 mg, respectively, were − 0.78% (− 0.95% to − 0.61%) and − 0.80% (− 0.98% to − 0.63%) for HbA1c, and − 1.74 kg (− 2.29 kg to − 1.19 kg) and − 2.04 kg (− 2.60 kg to − 1.48 kg) for body weight. A greater proportion of participants receiving ertugliflozin 5 mg and 15 mg versus placebo, respectively, achieved HbA1c < 7.0% (42.1% and 46.3% vs. 13.9%), body weight reduction ≥ 5% (35.5% and 38.3% vs. 11.1%), and systolic blood pressure < 130 mmHg (42.4% and 34.5% vs. 21.7%). The proportion of participants with AEs was 52.6% (ertugliflozin 5 mg), 52.3% (ertugliflozin 15 mg), and 55.6% (placebo). Conclusions In participants from Asia with T2D inadequately controlled by metformin monotherapy, and BMI ≥24 kg/m 2 , ertugliflozin (5 mg or 15 mg) resulted in greater glycemic and body weight reductions compared with placebo and was generally well tolerated. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov identifiers NCT02033889, NCT02630706. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13300-022-01345-6.

show abstract

“…However, the impact of Type 2 DM on lens biometry remains controversial [12,13,15]. Since there are ethnic differences in both refraction and Type 2 DM [16,17] and the existing studies were conducted in the European population with small sample size, the correlation of lens power with Type 2 DM in Asians still remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The associations of lens power with age, axial length and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese adults aged 50 and above

Zhang

et al. 2020

Eye and Vis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background To investigate the associations of lens power with age, axial length (AL), and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) in Chinese adults aged 50 and above. Methods Random clustering sampling was used to identify adults aged 50 years and above in urban regions of Shanghai. The participants underwent a comprehensive ophthalmic examination including subjective refraction, autorefraction, and IOL-Master. The crystalline lens power was calculated using Bennett’s formula. Results A total of 4177 adults were included. A linear decrease in lens power was observed both with age and with AL, followed by a stop of lens power loss after the age of 70 or when AL ≥ 25 mm, respectively. Participants with Type 2 DM presented higher lens power (0.43 diopter (D), p < 0.001) and thicker lens thickness (0.06 mm, p < 0.001). In multivariate regression models, there was a positive correlation between lens power and Type 2 DM when age < 75 years (p < 0.001) or AL < 25 mm (p < 0.001) after adjusting for other factors, while no significant association was found in participants aged ≥ 75 years (p = 0.122) or with AL ≥ 25 mm (p = 0.172). Conclusions The lens power in adults aged 50 and above exhibited two stages with age and with AL. Type 2 DM caused an increase in lens power, which was not seen in participants aged ≥ 75 years or with AL ≥ 25 mm.

show abstract

Ethnic Disparity and Increased Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes Among South Asians: Aetiology and Future Implications for Diabetes Prevention and Management

Abstract: To overcome the health disparity in the South Asian ethnic group, various risk factors associated with diabetes, and the challenges faced are to be considered while designing future diabetes prevention and management strategies.

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Topical Insulin Modulates Inflammatory and Proliferative Phases of Burn-Wound Healing in Diabetes-Induced Rats

Topical Insulin Modulates Inflammatory and Proliferative Phases of Burn-Wound Healing in Diabetes-Induced Rats

Efficacy and Safety of Ertugliflozin Added to Metformin: A Pooled Population from Asia with Type 2 Diabetes and Overweight or Obesity

The associations of lens power with age, axial length and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Chinese adults aged 50 and above

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About