Ethnic Identity and Subjective Well-Being of Bully Participants

Hope as a Mediator of Bullying Involvement and Emotional Difficulties in Children

“…This result is consistent with previous studies supporting the relation between victimization and students’ emotional difficulties (Thompson et al, 2013). Furthermore, results indicated that perpetration was positively associated with children’s emotional difficulties, which is consistent with previous findings that children who bully peers are likely to experience more emotional and adjustment problems than those who do not bully (Vera et al, 2015). These findings further strengthen the evidence that both children who are victimized and children who bully others are likely to demonstrate greater emotional difficulties than their peers.…”

“…The goal‐directed nature of bullying can also lead to peer rejection, contrary to the children’s desire for social dominance (Volk, Dane, & Marini, 2014), which could result in emotional difficulties. These results contribute to the mixed findings in previous literature regarding the association between perpetration and emotional difficulties (Vera et al, 2015; Wolke & Lereya, 2015). The findings also provide a possible explanation why some students who bully others are more likely to experience greater emotional difficulties than other students.…”

“…Perpetrating bullying behavior appears associated with emotional difficulties such as depression and suicidal ideation (Vera et al, 2015). Research suggests that those identified as bullies are more disliked by peers than those identified as bystanders (Veenstra et al, 2005).…”

“…Bullying is one significant risk factor that threatens children’s well‐being (Midgett et al, 2018; Vera et al, 2015). Bullying refers to “any unwanted aggressive behavior(s) by another youth or group of youths who are not siblings or current dating partners that involves an observed or perceived power imbalance and is repeated multiple times or is highly likely to be repeated” (Gladden, Vivolo‐Kantor, Hamburger, & Lumpkin, 2014, p. 7).…”

The Hand of Professional School Counseling Meets the Glove of Restorative Practices

“…A review of the recent school counseling literature demonstrates a profusion of empirical work that addresses social injustice and systemic inequities: bullying prevention and response (McCormac, 2014; Vera et al, 2015); social exclusion interventions (Chiffriller, Kangos, & Milone, 2015); empowering students from traditionally marginalized groups (Padilla & Hipolito-Delgado, 2015); seeking advanced placement equity for African American students (Davis, Davis, & Mobley, 2013); promoting the academic achievement of low-income students (Williams et al, 2015); and promoting Black student engagement (Minton, 2016). …”