“…The second half of the twentieth century witnessed substantial decreases in fertility in Indonesia (McNicoll & Singarimbun, 1983;Hull, 1987;Jones & Hull, 1997). For decades, demographers have studied the reasons for these shifts, including economic status , ethnicity and religion (Tan & Soeradji, 1986), geographical development disparities (Hull & Hatmadji, 1990), migration (Hirschman & Guest, 1990), education and family planning (Angeles et al, 2005) and public service infrastructure (Grimm, 2015). Yet recent dramatic shifts in fertility in Indonesia may have markedly influenced family life and well-being.…”