Ethnicity Recording in Primary Care Computerised Medical Record Systems: An Ontological Approach

Tippu, Zayd; Correa, Ana; Liyanage, Harshana; Burleigh, David; McGovern, Andrew; Vlymen, Jeremy van; Jones, Simon A.; Lusignan, Simon de

doi:10.14236/jhi.v23i4.920

Cited by 58 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Ethnicity was characterised using an established ontological approach: a combination of recorded ethnicity and information which infers ethnicity (such as language). 25 Socioeconomic status (SES) was determined using the Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD—the official UK SES measure) from each patient’s postal code, 26 which we also have the capability to map to geocoordinate.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in English primary care: a cross-sectional and follow-up study of the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC)

et al. 2018

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ObjectivesTo describe incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD), its risk factors, medication prescribed to treat CVD and predictors of CVD within a nationally representative dataset.DesignCross-sectional study of adults with and without CVD.SettingThe Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC) is an English primary care sentinel network. RCGP RSC is over 50 years old and one of the oldest in Europe. Practices receive feedback about data quality. This database is primarily used to conduct surveillance and research into influenza, infections and vaccine effectiveness but is also a rich resource for the study of non-communicable disease (NCD). The RCGP RSC network comprised 164 practices at the time of study.ResultsData were extracted from the records of 1 275 174 adults. Approximately a fifth (21.3%; 95% CI 21.2% to 21.4%) had CVD (myocardial infarction (MI), angina, atrial fibrillation (AF), peripheral arterial disease, stroke/transient ischaemic attack (TIA), congestive cardiac failure) or hypertension. Smoking, unsafe alcohol consumption and obesity were more common among people with CVD. Angiotensin system modulating drugs, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors (statins) and calcium channel blockers were the most commonly prescribed CVD medications. Age-adjusted and gender-adjusted annual incidence for AF was 28.2/10 000 (95% CI 27.8 to 28.7); stroke/TIA 17.1/10 000 (95% CI 16.8 to 17.5) and MI 9.8/10 000 (95% CI 9.5 to 10.0). Logistic regression analyses confirmed established CVD risk factors were associated with CVD in the RCGP RSC network dataset.ConclusionsThe RCGP RSC database provides comprehensive information on risk factors, medical diagnosis, physiological measurements and prescription history that could be used in CVD research or pharmacoepidemiology. With the exception of MI, the prevalence of CVDs was higher than in other national data, possibly reflecting data quality. RCGP RSC is an underused resource for research into NCDs and their management and welcomes collaborative opportunities.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in English primary care: a cross-sectional and follow-up study of the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC)

et al. 2018

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“…Ethnicity (white ethnicity was reference, and we divided into Asian (A), black (B), mixed (M), other (O), and unclassified (U) ethnicities) [ 15 ]…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Atopic Conditions in Boys and Young Male Adults: Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre Annual Report 2015-2016

Lusignan¹,

Correa²,

Pebody³

et al. 2018

JMIR Public Health Surveill

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BackgroundThe Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre comprises more than 150 general practices, with a combined population of more than 1.5 million, contributing to UK and European public health surveillance and research.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper was to report gender differences in the presentation of infectious and respiratory conditions in children and young adults.MethodsDisease incidence data were used to test the hypothesis that boys up to puberty present more with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) and asthma. Incidence rates were reported for infectious conditions in children and young adults by gender. We controlled for ethnicity, deprivation, and consultation rates. We report odds ratios (OR) with 95% CI, P values, and probability of presenting.ResultsBoys presented more with LRTI, largely due to acute bronchitis. The OR of males consulting was greater across the youngest 3 age bands (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.35-1.87; OR 1.13, 95% CI 1.05-1.21; OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.09-1.32). Allergic rhinitis and asthma had a higher OR of presenting in boys aged 5 to 14 years (OR 1.52, 95% CI 1.37-1.68; OR 1.31, 95% CI 1.17-1.48). Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) and urinary tract infection (UTI) had lower odds of presenting in boys, especially those older than 15 years. The probability of presenting showed different patterns for LRTI, URTI, and atopic conditions.ConclusionsBoys younger than 15 years have greater odds of presenting with LRTI and atopic conditions, whereas girls may present more with URTI and UTI. These differences may provide insights into disease mechanisms and for health service planning.

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“…We directly standardised AGE rates by age and gender, using the 2011 national census population [17], we reported rates per 100,000. Ethnicity recording was maximised using an ontological approach [18]. We used Index of Multiple Deprivation (IMD) quintile as a measure of deprivation, this is the National measure of small area socioeconomic status [19].…”

Section: Definition and Statistical Analysis Of Household Incidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Household presentation of acute gastroenteritis in a primary care sentinel network: retrospective database studies

et al. 2020

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Background: Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a highly transmissible condition spreading rapidly between individuals and within households. Rotavirus vaccination was introduced in the UK in 2013. The study objectives were to investigate how acute gastroenteritis incidence changed over 25 years and household incidence of AGE since 2013. Methods: Repeated cross-sectional study of Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre network. We used a negative binomial model to report incidence rate ratio (IRR) using the last 5 years data. We also conducted a retrospective cohort analysis, using a shared gamma frailty model (2013-2017). We explored the impact of child under 5-years, household size, socioeconomic status quintile, and rurality. Results: In the cross-sectional analysis, the IRR of AGE in households with a child of under 5 years was 12.20 (95%CI 11.08-13.45-, p < 0.001) compared with households without; the IRR fell across IMD quintiles, for example there is a 37% decrease in incidence comparing IMD quintile 1 to quintile 5 (95%CI-0.52-0.76, p < 0.001), The cohort study revealed that the presence of an under 5 in the household was associated with a higher risk of household presentation (HR = 6.29, 95% CI 5.61-7.06, p < 0.001). In addition, we observe a reduction in risk of presentation from the most to the least deprived socioeconomic quintile (second quintile: HR = 0.74 (95%CI 0.59-0.92), to least deprived quintile, HR = 0.55 (95%CI 0.41-0.74). We saw a lower association with male gender, white ethnicity and living outside London, but an increased association with increasing household size. Conclusions: The incidence of AGE has changed over time: preschool children, larger households, and living in London were associated with higher rates, and male gender and higher economic status associated with lower rates.

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Ethnicity Recording in Primary Care Computerised Medical Record Systems: An Ontological Approach

Cited by 58 publications

References 18 publications

Incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in English primary care: a cross-sectional and follow-up study of the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC)

Incidence and prevalence of cardiovascular disease in English primary care: a cross-sectional and follow-up study of the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) Research and Surveillance Centre (RSC)

Incidence of Lower Respiratory Tract Infections and Atopic Conditions in Boys and Young Male Adults: Royal College of General Practitioners Research and Surveillance Centre Annual Report 2015-2016

Household presentation of acute gastroenteritis in a primary care sentinel network: retrospective database studies

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