Ethno-medicines for Mosquito Transmitted Diseases from South-western Nigeria

Abstract

Ipomoea reniformis Chaos is claimed in Indian traditional medical practice to be useful in the treatment of epilepsy and neurological disorders. In the present study, pretreatment effect of methanolic extract of Ipomoea reniformis on epilepsy and psychosis was evaluated in rodents using standard procedures. Besides evaluating epileptic and behavioral parameters, neurotransmitters such as Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid (GABA) in epilepsy and in psychosis dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin contents in the rodent brain were estimated. The extract pretreatment reduced maximal electro shock; Isoniazid (INH) and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced seizures and also significantly inhibited the attenuation of brain GABA levels by INH and PTZ in mice. These results suggested that the observed beneficial effect in epilepsy may be by enhancing the GABAergic system. The test drug also inhibited the apomorphine induced climbing and stereotyped behavior and showed significantly reduced levels of brain dopamine, noradrenaline and serotonin which may be due to blocking of central dopaminergic, noradrenergic and serotonergic pathways or by enhancing the GABAergic system. The results obtained in present study suggest that the title plant possesses antiepileptic and antipsychotic activities in rodents.

Subtribe Hyptidinae (Lamiaceae): A promising source of bioactive metabolites

“…Other study carried out with the essential oil of the above-cited species, composed mainly by α -phellandrene ( 237 ), sabinene ( 246 ) and 1,8-cineole ( 250 ), demonstrated repellent properties against nymphs of the tick Ixodes ricinus ( Ashitani et al, 2015 ). These studies corroborate reports of ethnobotanical uses of this species against pests ( Seyoum et al, 2002 ), including those that are vectors of diseases such as malaria ( Attah et al, 2012 ), among others ( Sonibare et al, 2015 ).…”

Bio-guided anti-cariogenic and phytochemical valorization of Guiera senegalensis and Pseudocedrela kotschyi stem extracts

“…Such plant stems include Guiera senegalensis (Combretaceae) and Pseudocedrela kotschyi (Meliaceae), which are commonly used as toothbrush by the populations. G. senegalensis and P. kotschyi are often used in sub-Saharan regions to cure various diseases (Kerharo et al, 1948;Faye et al, 1980;Sanogo et al, 1998;Ancolio et al, 2002;Adamu et al, 2005;Alex et al, 2005;Hadissa and Deschamps, 2006;Ahua et al, 2007;Dieye et al, 2008;Somboro et al, 2011;Ohemu et al, 2014;Traore et al, 2014;Diarra et al, 2015;Sonibare et al, 2015;Kantati et al, 2016;Kpodar et al, 2016). The African continent is endowed with an impressive floristic biodiversity, with a large variety of plants for food and therapeutic needs.…”

Traditional Uses, Phytochemistry, and Bioactivities of Mesosphaerum suaveolens (L.) Kuntze

“…In Brazil, the leaves in the form of infusions, decoctions, teas, and syrups are used to treat ulcers, inflammation, respiratory diseases (asthma, bronchitis, colds, flu, and sinusitis), diseases related to the gastrointestinal tract, pain, dizziness, nausea, nervousness, and constipation [1,[56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64]. e leaves are also used to treat headaches [65], malaria [14,66], fever [67,68], and used to reduce labor time and labor pain [69].…”