Ethnobotanical survey of the plants used for the management of malaria in Ondo State, Nigeria

Idris

2020

Plants

This study aimed at assessing the biological activities of Mucuna pruriens seeds using cytotoxicity, phytochemical, antiparasitic screening, and antioxidant assays. Mature fruits of M. pruriens were harvested from Fort Hare University’s Research Farm located in Alice, South Africa. The collected seeds were pulverized in a standard process and taken to the laboratory for crude extraction and further treatments. Cytotoxic, antimalarial, and trypanocidal effects of crude extracts obtained from ethanol and water were tested, while the total phenolic, proanthocyanidin, and flavonoid contents of the aqueous extracts as well as their pharmacological activities were determined in vitro using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ethanol (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. Although the extracts showed mild antiparasitic (antiplasmodial and trypanocidal) effects, results from the cytotoxic experiment revealed that M. pruriens is not toxic to human cervix adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cells when tested using 50 µg/mL of extracts. It was observed that the seeds were remarkably rich in phenol (3730.1 ± 15.52 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g) compared to flavonoids (63.03 ± 1.95 mg quercetin equivalent (QE)/g) and proanthocyanidin (18.92 ± 1.09 mg catechin equivalent (CE)/g). Also, the antioxidant activities of the extracts were comparable to those of the standard antioxidant drugs (rutin and gallic acid) used, in a concentration-dependent manner. There was a direct relationship between phenolic acid content and antioxidant effects. It is therefore suggested that M. pruriens seeds be incorporated into human diets as a supplement to promote healthy living. Pharmaceutical industries with a particular interest in natural phenolic acids should consider using seeds of M. pruriens as pharmaceutical precursors.

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…From previous reports, different parts of M . pruriens have proven to be good for diverse therapeutic purposes [ 5 , 6 ]. Despite the outcome of these novel researches, plants like M .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Cytotoxicity, Phytochemical, Antiparasitic Screening, and Antioxidant Activities of Mucuna pruriens (Fabaceae)

Idris

2020

Plants

“…The acute oral toxicity study was conducted using test guidelines on acute oral toxicity (test 423) according to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development and as described by Alanin [20,22,23,19,18].…”

Section: Acute Oral Toxicity Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the listed plants Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Engl (Araceae), Rhizophora racemosa G. Mey (Rhizophoraceae) and Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn (Strelitziaceae) feature prominently. A. difformis, R. racemosa and R. madagascariensis are plants with several reported therapeutic effects, and they are used in many parts of Africa for the traditional management of malaria, asthma, diabetes, antimicrobials [18][19][20][21][22][23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo Antidiabetic Activities of Aqueous Extract of Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Eng, Rhizophora racemosa G. Mey and Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn

Camara¹,

Baldé²,

Haïdara³

et al. 2020

EJMP

Aims: Anchomanes difformis (Blume) Eng (Araceae), Rhizophora racemosa G. Mey (Rhizophoraceae) and Ravenala madagascariensis Sonn (Strelitziaceae) are used in traditional medicine in Guinea for diabetes management. The aim of this work was to test the antidiabetic activity of these plants and to determine their toxicity. Material and Methods: Extemporaneous extracts based on these plants were tested for their acute toxicity, their effects in normoglycemic rats and rendered hyper glycemic by the oral route in comparison with the glibenclamide an antidiabetic agent. Swiss albino mice and Male Wistar rats were used respectively for acute oral toxicity and antidiabetic activity. Results: This study showed that the administration of the 2000 mg / kg dose of dry extracts in mice showed no acute toxicity and adverse effect. At a dose of 400 mg/kg these three plants showed significant hypoglycaemia effect. The average blood glucose levels ranged from 111.2 ± 6.2 to 84.6 ± 6.7 mg/dL (p<0.001) for A. difformis, 110.6 ± 6 to 93.2 mg/dL (p<0.05) for R. racemosa and 99.6 ± 14.4 to 82.3 mg/dL (p<0.05) for R. madagascariensis. Conclusion: The results obtained on the antidiabetic properties of these three plants corroborates their traditional uses in the management of type 2 diabetes in the Republic of Guinea.

Chemistry & Biodiversity

A Review on Bioactive Compounds, Ethnomedicinal Importance and Pharmacological Activities of Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd

Dinesh,

Kumar

2023

Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) Willd. is a traditional leafy vegetable used by tribal communities for ethnomedicinal and ethnoculinary preparations. This article reviews the current knowledge of its multiple uses, including pharmacological activities and nutritional composition. The literature survey shows that it has been traditionally useful in the treatment of several diseases, such as anaemia, diabetes, measles, and ulcers and the preparation of various traditional foods. Analysis of the literature on its phytochemicals shows its richness in bioactive compounds. Further, research also shows that this plant has antidiabetic, antiobesity, antitumor, antiulcer, hepatoprotective, and neuroprotective activities besides anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Nutrient analysis of the plant reveals the presence of Ca, Zn, Fe, vitamins C and E, dietary fibre and protein in considerable quantities. The results of the pharmacological studies on the antidiabetic, antiulcer and anti‐anaemic activities provide support in favour of its ethnomedicinal uses. The presence of bioactive compounds and pharmacological activities show the usefulness of this plant as a functional food.