Ethnomedicine of Dharwad district in Karnataka, India—plants used in oral health care

Dental caries and periodontal disease are associated with oral pathogens. Several plant derivatives have been evaluated with respect to their antimicrobial effects against such pathogenic microorganisms. Lippia sidoides Cham (Verbenaceae), popularly known as "Alecrimpimenta" is a typical shrub commonly found in the Northeast of Brazil. Many plant species belonging to the genus Lippia yield very fragrant essential oils of potential economic value which are used by the industry for the commercial production of perfumes, creams, lotions, and deodorants. Since the leaves of L. sidoides are also extensively used in popular medicine for the treatment of skin wounds and cuts, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the composition and antimicrobial activity of L. sidoides essential oil. The essential oil was obtained by hydro-distillation and analyzed by GC-MS. Twelve compounds were characterized, having as major constituents thymol (56.7%) and carvacrol (16.7%). The antimicrobial activity of the oil and the major components was tested against cariogenic bacterial species of the genus Streptococcus as well as Candida albicans using the broth dilution and disk diffusion assays. The essential oil and its major components thymol and carvacrol exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against the organisms tested with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 0.625 to 10.0 mg/mL. The most sensitive microorganisms were C. albicans and Streptococcus mutans. The essential oil of L. sidoides and its major components exert promising antimicrobial effects against oral pathogens and suggest its likely usefulness to combat oral microbial growth.

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“…Oral pathogens have been recently tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to a number of plant extracts and natural substances (7,8).…”

Section: Ma Botelho Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact there is an overwhelming number of studies on the biological activities of plants and their natural product derivatives (8)(9)(10). Essential oils and their derivatives are one such example (11)(12)(13).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia sidoides, carvacrol and thymol against oral pathogens

Botelho

Nogueira

Bastos

et al. 2007

Braz J Med Biol Res

348

222

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“…Longkui, the whole herb of Solanum nigrum Linn. (Solanaceae), has long been used as a remedy to treat trachitis, cancer, hepatic damage, mastitis, and serodontalgia (Meng, 1954;Ikeda et al, 2003;Raju et al, 2003;Hebbar et al, 2004;Zakaria et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fingerprint quality detection ofSolanum nigrumusing high-performance liquid chromatography–evaporative light scattering detection

Wang

Gao

Bai

et al. 2011

Pharmaceutical Biology

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“…Extratos vegetais e frações com estudos de avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana in vitro sobre patógenos orais, com indicação da origem do material vegetal, preparação, método e microrganismo testado 2007; Araújo et al, 2009), A. sativum (Hebbar et al, 2004Borba & Macedo, 2006;Colvard et al, 2009), P. guajava (Hebbar et al, 2004;Borba & Macedo, 2006), Arnica montana L. (Koo et al, 2000;Iauk et al, 2002), L. sidoides (Lima Júnior et al, 2005;Albuquerque et al, 2008) e Arctium lappa L. Santos et al, 2007) A predominância de estudos com Streptococcus orais e L. casei é justificada pela representatividade dos mesmos na formação do biofilme. Porém as tabelas 2 e 3 demonstram variação na cepa dos microrganismos empregados para a avaliação biológica de extratos, frações e substâncias isoladas das espécies vegetais.…”

unclassified

Plantas e constituintes químicos empregados em Odontologia: revisão de estudos etnofarmacológicos e de avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana in vitro em patógenos orais

Vieira

Amaral

Maciel

et al. 2014

Rev. bras. plantas med.

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RESUMO: Produtos derivados de plantas podem representar estratégia promissora na odontologia. Desse modo, o objetivo deste trabalho foi levantar na literatura os estudos sobre o uso popular de plantas em afecções orais, bem como os estudos de avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana in vitro de extratos vegetais e compostos isolados sobre patógenos orais, no período de 1996 a 2011. Quarenta e sete famílias botânicas foram referidas, com maior número de citações para Anacardiaceae, sendo Anacardium occidentale L., a espécie mais citada. O levantamento sobre estudos de avaliação antimicrobiana relacionou extratos de sessenta e seis espécies vegetais pertencentes a trinta e oito famílias botânicas, destacando-se Anacardiaceae, com pesquisas realizadas de forma predominante com as folhas, investigadas pelo método de difusão em ágar. Cinquenta e oito substâncias isoladas de plantas foram avaliadas, demonstrando que Terminalia chebula Retz (Combretaceae) representa a espécie vegetal com atividade antimicrobiana in vitro mais significativa, apresentando halo de inibição de 32,97 mm contra Staphylococcus aureus, microrganismo encontrado em infecções orais; enquanto ácido tetra iso-alfa isolada de Humulus lupulus L. (Canabinaceae) apresentou maior halo de inibição para Streptococcus mutans (26,0 mm). Os resultados apresentados devem estimular o desenvolvimento dos estudos de validação na garantia do uso seguro e eficaz de espécies vegetais em odontologia. Palavras-chave:Plantas medicinais, saúde bucal, infecções orais, in vitro, revisão.ABSTRACT: Plants and chemical constituents used in dentistry: review of ethnopharmacological and antimicrobial activity studies in oral pathogens. Products derived from plants may represent a promising strategy in dentistry. Thus, the objective of this paper is to review studies of the popular use of plants in oral diseases, as well as studies evaluating the in vitro antimicrobial activity of plant extracts and isolated compounds in oral pathogens from 1996 to 2011. Forty-seven botanical families were mentioned, with the highest number of referencesfor Anacardiaceae, and Anacardium occidentale L. was the most mentioned specie. The review of antimicrobial activity studies relatedextracts from sixty-six plant species belonging to thirty-eight botanical families, especially Anacardiaceae, being predominant tests with leaves, investigated by the agar diffusion method. Fifty-eight compounds isolated from plants have been evaluated, showing that Terminalia chebula Retz (Combretaceae) represents the plant species with more meaningful in vitro antimicrobial activity, with inhibition zone of 32.97 mm against Staphylococcus aureus, microorganism found in oral infections, while tetra iso-alpha acid isolated from Humulus lupulus L. (Canabinaceae) showed greater inhibition zone for Streptococcus mutans (26.0 mm). The presented results should encourage the development of validation studies, ensuring the safe and effective use of plant species in dentistry.

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Ethnomedicine of Dharwad district in Karnataka, India—plants used in oral health care

Cited by 123 publications

References 3 publications

Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia sidoides, carvacrol and thymol against oral pathogens

Antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from Lippia sidoides, carvacrol and thymol against oral pathogens

Fingerprint quality detection ofSolanum nigrumusing high-performance liquid chromatography–evaporative light scattering detection

Plantas e constituintes químicos empregados em Odontologia: revisão de estudos etnofarmacológicos e de avaliação da atividade antimicrobiana in vitro em patógenos orais

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