Ethnopharmacological-Based Validation of Polyalthia suberosa Leaf Extract in Neurological, Hyperalgesic, and Hyperactive Gut Disorders Using Animal Models

Abstract

Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) is a plant used to cure coughs, dysentery, fevers, joint aches, rheumatic pain, inflammation, and a variety of skin diseases. The aim of the study was to evaluate the ethyl acetate extract of Polyalthia suberosa (P. suberosa) leaves and their effects on mice for neuropharmacological, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities. For neurological studies, the hole cross, hole board, open field, and thiopental sodium-induced sleep duration measurement methodologies were used. The castor oil-induced diarrhea inhibition test was used to assess antidiarrheal action, and the acetic acid-induced writhing inhibition test was used to determine analgesic effectiveness. The extract was given in doses of 250 and 500 mg kg−1 body weight. As a standard drug, diazepam at a dosage of 3 mg kg−1 was used. The extract was also given to groups, and sleep time was measured and recorded. The onset of the anxiolytic effect of the extract at both doses was found to be significant ( p < 0.001), and sleep time increased to 273 minutes. For assessing analgesic activity, the extract along with standard diclofenac was administered and found to be 55.02 percent and 64.33 percent, respectively, for the extracts, and diclofenac was found to be 67.44 percent ( p < 0.001). For antidiarrheal activity, it was compared with the standard drug, loperamide. The decrease for plant extracts was 50.07 percent and 70.06 percent at 250 mg kg−1 and 500 mg kg−1, respectively, whereas it was 85.01 percent for loperamide (3 mg kg−1) ( p < 0.00). In this study, it was found that ethyl acetate extract of Polyalthia suberosa leaves had strong CNS depressant, analgesic, and antidiarrheal activities, which indicates that it may be used in contemporary medicine.

Novel Benzothiazole Derivatives Synthesis and its Analysis as Diuretic Agents

“…NH 3 solution (25 percent) and fltered. Te needed pure chemical was obtained using benzene recrystallization (II) [18][19][20].…”

The impact of seasonal variation on the composition of the volatile oil of Polyalthia suberosa (Roxb.) Thwaites leaves and evaluation of its acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity

“…Fruits of P. suberosa have been used as anti-diarrheal. The leaves have been used to treat colds and coughs, and the barks have been used as analgesic [9]. Reported biological activities include antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antibacterial, and antiviral [7,10,11].…”

“…Thwaites is an evergreen shrub traditionally used as laxative, abortifacient, analgesic, and in treatment of numerous skin infections. It was reported that different extracts of P. suberosa exerted anti-inflammatory, analgesic, anti-bacterial, antioxidant, and neuropharmacological activities [9,10]. Despite the biological importance of this plant, the isolated essential oil from the leaves wasn't fully investigated, only the cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities have been studied [12].…”