Ethyl carbamate: An emerging food and environmental toxicant

Gowd, Vemana; Su, Hongming; Karlovský, Petr; Chen, Wei

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.12.072

Cited by 105 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 100 publications

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“…At present, various chemical substances and environmental hormones that are present in a variety of plastic products, food and beverage containers and many products in house and work place, are speculated to be associated with tumorigenesis [ 25 , 82 ]. Substances with detoxification activities against such chemicals and hormones have not yet been identified; however, mitigation strategies using natural products are currently under investigation [ 82 ]. With regarding RJ, it is reported that RJ has anti-environmental estrogen activity against effects induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells.…”

Section: Therapeutic Strategies For Royal Jelly In the Near Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…With regarding RJ, it is reported that RJ has anti-environmental estrogen activity against effects induced by bisphenol A (BPA) in MCF-7 human breast cancer cells. In brief, the number of MCF-7 cells was significantly increased by exposure to 1000 nM BPA for 72 h; however, this increase was inhibited by processed RJ (0.1 g dissolved in 10 mL PBS, centrifuged at 15 kg for 15 min and the top clear layer was used) [ 82 ].…”

Section: Therapeutic Strategies For Royal Jelly In the Near Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti-Cancer and Protective Effects of Royal Jelly for Therapy-Induced Toxicities in Malignancies

Miyata

Sakai

2018

IJMS

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Royal jelly (RJ) is a glandular secretion produced by worker honeybees and is a special food for the queen honeybee. It results in a significant prolongation of the lifespan of the queen honeybee compared with the worker honeybees through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-microbial activities. Consequently, RJ is used as cosmetic and dietary supplement throughout the world. In addition, in vitro studies and animal experiments have demonstrated that RJ inhibits cell proliferation and stimulates apoptosis in various types of malignant cells and affects the production of various chemokines, anti-oxidants and growth factors and the expression of cancer-related molecules in patients with malignancies, especially in patients treated with anti-cancer agents. Therefore, RJ is thought to exert anti-cancer effects on tumor growth and exhibit protective functions against drug-induced toxicities. RJ has also been demonstrated to be useful for suppression of adverse events, the maintenance of the quality of life during treatment and the improvement of prognosis in animal models and patients with malignancies. To understand the mechanisms of the beneficial effects of RJ, knowledge of the changes induced at the molecular level by RJ with respect to cell survival, inflammation, oxidative stress and other cancer-related factors is essential. In addition, the effects of combination therapies of RJ and other anti-cancer agents or natural compounds are important to determine the future direction of RJ-based treatment strategies. Therefore, in this review, we have covered the following five issues: (1) the anti-cancer effects of RJ and its main component, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid; (2) the protective effects of RJ against anti-cancer agent-induced toxicities; (3) the molecular mechanisms of such beneficial effects of RJ; (4) the safety and toxicity of RJ; and (5) the future directions of RJ-based treatment strategies, with a discussion on the limitations of the study of the biological activities of RJ.

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Section: Therapeutic Strategies For Royal Jelly In the Near Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Therapeutic Strategies For Royal Jelly In the Near Futurementioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Cancer and Protective Effects of Royal Jelly for Therapy-Induced Toxicities in Malignancies

Miyata

Sakai

2018

IJMS

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“…Urea is considered as one of the precursors to the formation of ethyl carbamate in fermented and distilled beverages. Ethyl carbamate can be also formed from the reaction of other precursors such as cyanide and ethanol (Jiao, Dong, Chen, 2014;Gowda, Sua, Karlovsky, et al, 2018). According to Ayloit, Cochrane and Leonard (1990) monitoring of initial concentrations of ethyl carbamate precursors in freshly distilled spirits can be useful guide for predicting final ethyl carbamate concentration in mature spirit.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxic compounds in homemade spirits in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A pilot study

2019

Glas. hem. tehnol. Bosne Herceg.

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The main aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the presence of potentially toxic compounds (methanol, hydrocyanic acid and urea) in homemade fruit spirits produced in different parts of Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 15 samples of 8 different fruit spirits were analyzed (apple, apricot, cherry, grape, pear, plum, quince and juniper). Content of hydrocyanic acid was higher than maximum permissible level in 5 out of 15 samples. In general, the average content of methanol was higher in samples from Bosnia comparing to the samples from Herzegovina (874.62 vs. 563.99 g/hL of pure alcohol), but still was lower than maximum concentration proposed by national regulation (1200 g/hL of pure alcohol for fruit spirits and 1000 g/hL of pure alcohol for grape spirit) except for one grape spirit sample (1162.2 g/hL of pure alcohol). Urea was detected in all analyzed samples (5.819 to 77.82 mg/L) with the average

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“…The potent carcinogenic activity of ethyl carbamate has been demonstrated, so the FDA recommends several precautionary actions such as the degradation of urea by enzymatic hydrolysis (Gowd, Su, Karlovsky, & Chen, 2018;Pozo-Bayón, Monagas, Bartolomé, & Moreno-Arribas, 2012).…”

Section: Ureasementioning

confidence: 99%

Biocatalysis in the winemaking industry: Challenges and opportunities for immobilized enzymes

Ottone

Romero

Aburto

et al. 2020

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

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Enzymes are powerful catalysts already being used in a large number of industrial processes. Impressive advantages in enzyme catalysts improvement have occurred in recent years aiming to improve their performance under harsh operation conditions far away from those of their cellular habitat. Production levels of the winemaking industry have experienced a remarkable increase, and technological innovations have been introduced for increasing the efficiency at different process steps or for improving wine quality, which is a key issue in this industry. Enzymes, such as pectinases and proteases, have been traditionally used, and others, such as glycosidases, have been more recently introduced in the modern wine industry, and many dedicated studies refer to the improvement of enzyme performance under winemaking conditions. Within this framework, a thorough review on the role of enzymes in winemaking is presented, with special emphasis on the use of immobilized enzymes as a significant strategy for catalyst improvement within an industry in which enzymes play important roles that are to be reinforced paralleling innovation.

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Ethyl carbamate: An emerging food and environmental toxicant

Cited by 105 publications

References 100 publications

Anti-Cancer and Protective Effects of Royal Jelly for Therapy-Induced Toxicities in Malignancies

Anti-Cancer and Protective Effects of Royal Jelly for Therapy-Induced Toxicities in Malignancies

Toxic compounds in homemade spirits in Bosnia and Herzegovina: A pilot study

Biocatalysis in the winemaking industry: Challenges and opportunities for immobilized enzymes

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