Ethylene and Cell Separation Processes

Gonzalez‐Carranza, Zinnia H.; Roberts, Jeremy A.

doi:10.1002/9781118223086.ch10

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 133 publications

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“…However, there are two exceptions; dahlias showed ethylene sensitivity (Azuma et al, 2020), and sunflowers showed petal abscission (Tata and Wien, 2014). Abscission involves cell separation in the abscission layer that forms at a predetermined site of the organ that is ultimately shed (González-Carranza and Roberts, 2012;Kim, 2014;Nakano and Ito, 2013). Combining anatomical observations with measurements of the force required to remove the organs from the plants could help to quantify the process (Craker and Abeles, 1969).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Screening of Flower Sensitivity to Ethylene in Several Ornamental Asteraceae Species

Yang,

Ohno,

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Hortic J

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Generally, Asteraceae flowers such as chrysanthemums and gerberas, are low ethylene-sensitive and do not exhibit petal wilting and abscission. However, previous research found that the flowers of dahlia, an Asteraceae member belonging to the tribe Coreopsideae, are ethylene-sensitive and show abscission layer development in petal-ovary boundaries. In this study, we investigated the ethylene sensitivity of 17 ornamental Asteraceae species belonging to different tribes by measuring the petal drawing resistance and vase life after 1-3 μL•L −1 ethylene exposure for 20 h. Although more than half of the tested species did not respond to ethylene, several species showed ethylene-sensitive petal wilting and abscission of fresh ray florets. Ethylenesensitive petal wilting occurred in only two species (Calendula officinalis L. and Osteospermum L.) of the tribe Calenduleae, while ethylene-sensitive petal abscission occurred mainly in six species (Bidens ferulifolia D.C., Coreopsis lanceolata L., Cosmos atrosanguineus (Hook) Voss., Cosmos bipinnatus Cav., Cosmos sulphureus Cav. and Dahlia Cav.) of tribe Coreopsideae and one species (Helianthus annuus L.) of the tribe Heliantheae. In these species, abscission petals maintained their turgidity, and this process could be detected by measuring the petal drawing resistance of the ray florets. The reduction in petal drawing resistance, associated with abscission layer development in the petal-ovary boundaries, was observed only in these ethylene-sensitive species. The results of this study suggest that the ethylene sensitivity and petal senescing patterns in Asteraceae flowers may be associated with the phylogenetic classification at the tribe level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simple Screening of Flower Sensitivity to Ethylene in Several Ornamental Asteraceae Species

Yang,

Ohno,

Tanaka

et al. 2023

Hortic J

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Abscission

Roberts¹,

Gonzalez‐Carranza²

2013

Encyclopedia of Life Sciences

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The abscission of organs takes place at discrete sites and at specific times during the life cycle of a plant. These observations suggest that the abscission zone comprises a layer of positionally differentiated cells that undergo separation from their neighbours in response to precise developmental and environmental cues. By studying mutants of Arabidopsis that exhibit an attenuated capacity to shed their floral organs, it has been possible to identify a number of genes that may play a role in both the differentiation of abscission zone cells and the timing of organ shedding. Recent advances in transcript profiling have also helped us unravel the changes in gene expression that accompany cell separation and further proteomic and metabolomic advancements will add to this knowledge over the coming years. The possible applications of this knowledge to agricultural and horticultural species are discussed. Key Concepts: The manipulation of abscission has been crucial during the history of agriculture and a more detailed understanding of the process could contribute to increases in both the quantity and quality of crop yield. Organ shedding takes place at discrete sites termed abscission zones that are differentiated early in development. The timing of organ shedding is regulated by distal tissues such as the leaf, flower or fruit. The study of mutants in Arabidopsis has played a key role in identifying the genes involved in abscission zone differentiation and development. The plant hormones auxin and ethylene play an important role in regulating when abscission takes place. Abscission involves cell wall dissolution and the molecular and biochemical events that regulate it may account for the remodelling that takes place at other sites during plant growth and development.

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Transcriptome Analysis of Mature Fruit Abscission Control in Olive

Gil-Amado

Gómez-Jiménez

2013

Plant and Cell Physiology

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Mature fruit abscission (MFA) is a genetically controlled process, through poorly characterized mechanisms in fleshy fruit that include extensive transcriptional changes. While global transcriptome analyses have been used to investigate immature fruit abscission in fleshy fruit, no global gene expression changes specific to MFA have been described. Here we use pyrosequencing to characterize the transcriptomes of the olive abscission zone (AZ) during cell separation in order to understand MFA control at the stage of AZ activation. Analysis of gene expression from these AZs reveals that membrane microdomains involving sterols/sphingolipids and remorins together with signaling proteins are potentially involved in MFA. This is accompanied by gene activity related to sphingolipid turnover, suggesting potentially the involvement of long-chain base metabolism in regulating MFA. Activation of vesicle trafficking involving small GTPases is probably required for cell wall modifications during abscission. Analysis of transcription factors indicates that most members of the MYB and bZIP families are abundantly represented in the fruit AZ, and is consistent with a model by which most of the key transcription factors during abscission may regulate downstream processes mostly related to ABA. The data provide the first thorough analysis available for a comprehensive picture of the array of cellular responses controlled by gene expression that lead to MFA in fleshy fruit.

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Ethylene and Cell Separation Processes

Cited by 5 publications

References 133 publications

A Simple Screening of Flower Sensitivity to Ethylene in Several Ornamental Asteraceae Species

A Simple Screening of Flower Sensitivity to Ethylene in Several Ornamental Asteraceae Species

Abscission

Transcriptome Analysis of Mature Fruit Abscission Control in Olive

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