Ethylene Diurea (EDU) Protection Against Ozone Injury in Tomato Plants at Delhi

Varshney, C. K.; Rout, Chinmoy Kumar

doi:10.1007/s001289900747

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…EDU has been widely used in many parts of the world for this purpose. Some examples of plants where EDU was used include: bean (Kostka-Rick and Brunschon-Harti et al, 1995;Tonneijck and Vandijk, 1997;Elagoz and Manning, 2005), clover (Astorino et al, 1995;Tonneijck and Van Dijk, 2002), loblolly pine (Kuehler and Flagler, 1999;Manning et al, 2003), mung bean , potato (Clarke et al, 1990;Eckardt and Pell, 1996), radish Hassan et al, 1995), tobacco (Manes et al, 1990), tomato (Varshney and Rout, 1998), and turnip (Hassan et al, 1995). EDU has also been used successfully to determine ambient ozone effects on two wheat cultivars in India (Tiwari et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing field vulnerability to phosphorus loss in Beijing agricultural area using Revised Field Phosphorus Ranking Scheme

Chen

et al. 2007

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Assessing the impact of ambient ozone on growth and yield of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) and a wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar grown in the Yangtze Delta, China, using three rates of application of ethylenediurea (EDU) Cultivar sensitivity should be considered when using protective chemical to assess the effects of ambient ozone on plants. AbstractFoliar applications of ethylenediurea (abbreviated as EDU) were made at 0, 150, 300 or 450 ppm to field-grown rice and wheat in the Yangtze Delta in China. Rice and wheat responded differently to ambient ozone and EDU applications. For wheat, some growth characteristics, such as yield, seed number per plant, seed set rate and harvest index, increased significantly at 300 ppm EDU treatment, while for rice no parameters measured were statistically different regarding EDU application. The reason may be that the wheat cultivar used may be more sensitive to ozone than the rice cultivar. EDU was effective in demonstrating ozone effects on the wheat cultivar, but not on the rice cultivar. Cultivar sensitivity might be an important consideration when assessing the effects of ambient ozone on plants.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing field vulnerability to phosphorus loss in Beijing agricultural area using Revised Field Phosphorus Ranking Scheme

Chen

et al. 2007

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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“…Previously Olszyk and Wise (1997) and Varshney and Rout (1998) also reported ozone induced reduction in shoot and root biomass of tomato. Varshney and Rout (1998) observed 27% decline in shoot biomass and 18% decline in root biomass due to 120 ppb ozone exposure. This indicates that ozone affects growth of tomato plants of different growth stage through direct oxidant damage to physiological processes such as carbon assimilation in shoot and subsequently through altered photosynthate allocation (Tenga et al 1990;Gimeno et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Its concentration in the atmosphere is found to be rising at an annual rate of 0.5% (Hertstein et al 1999). Various studies (Varshney & Rout 1998;Zhang & Oanh 2001) carried out in different parts of the world have shown that high ambient ozone levels adversely affect the growth and yield of crops. In India also elevated ozone levels has been reported from different sites (Bernsten et al 1996;Naja & Lal 2002;Jain et al 2005;Beig et al 2008;Mina 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Ozone Exposure on Growth, Yield and Isoprene Emission from Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) Plants

Mina

Kumar

Varshney

2010

Journal of Fruit and Ornamental Plant Research

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SummaryEffect of ozone on three different growth phase of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum cv. Pusa ruby) crop namely, Early Vegetative Phase (EVP), 30 days old plants; Late Vegetative Phase (LVP), 45 days old plants; and Fruiting Phase (FP), 60 days old plants were exposed to ozone concentrations (75 ppb and 150 ppb) in closed top dynamic chambers for 12 days period. Ozone exposed tomato plants of all the three growth stages exhibited visible injury symptoms as chlorotic spots in variable intensity. Effect of ozone exposure on tomato crop plants was examined with respect to isoprene emission, growth and yield parameters. Enhancement in isoprene emission was observed from ozone exposed tomato plants as compared to unexposed plants. In exposed plants of early vegetative phase isoprene emission was 127% and 187% higher immediately after (within 1 hr) 75 ppb and 150 ppb ozone exposure respectively as compared to unexposed plants. Significant (p≤0.001) reduction in ozone exposed plants shoot length (2 to 10.5%), chlorophyll content (7 to 39%), carotenoids contents (5 to 42%), shoot biomass (upto 44%) and root biomass (8 to 65%) were observed as compared to unexposed plant. It was found that ozone exposure was more detrimental to LVP in comparison to FP and EVP. The results of the study also showed that 150 ppb of ozone exerted more harmful effects on the growth of different growth phases of tomato plants than 75 ppb ozone.

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“…Repetition of EDU application to soil may result in uneven or unpredictable rates of EDU release from organic matter (Manning et al 2011). A dilemma occurs here: (a) reduce the concentration over time as to avoid any overestimated dosage (due to organic matter release), Hoshika et al 2013Tiwari and Agrawal, 2009Paoletti et al 2008Hoshika et al 2013Varshney and Rout, 1998Elliott et al 1987Long and Davis, 1991 Kostka-Rick and Manning, 1993bKostka-Rick et al 1993Kostka-Rick and Manning, 1993bCannon et al 1993Kostka-Rick and Manning, 1993aTiwari et al 2005 Ainsworth and Ashmore, 1992 Pleijel et al 1999Tiwari et al 2005Elliott et al 1987Pleijel et al 1999Tiwari et al 2005Elliott et al 1987 or (b) increase the concentration over time, especially in woody plants, because plants will have much higher proportion of biomass to supporting organs. This is an important issue that needs to be separately studied in order to better understand the organic matter influence on EDU antiozonate activity.…”

Section: The Role Of Soil Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene-di-urea (EDU), an effective phytoproctectant against O<sub>3</sub> deleterious effects and a valuable research tool

Agathokleous

Koike

Watanabe

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Meteorol.

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Ground-surface ozone (O 3 ) has been increasing over the last decades, and it is now well known that crop and forestry plants suffer from elevated O 3 levels. Ethylene-di-urea (EDU) is considered a chemical that offers protection to the treated plants against Ο 3 . Increasing evidence on the antiozonate efficacy of EDU against the phytotoxic action of O 3 is becoming more readily available. We aimed to review the current literatures on the EDU effects on plants, summarize the findings, note any problems, and formulate conclusions from the existing researches. EDU is a very promising antiozonant with its antiozonate action being observed when applied to roots in the concentrations of 275.7 to 374.3 mg L -1 , or on leaves in the concentrations of 365.1 to 519.5 mg L -1. There is an evidence that EDU was more effective in some cultivars compared with others although this remains inexplicable. Additionally, the biochemical mechanism of its antiozonate activity is not well understood and requires parallel toxicological studies. In summary, EDU must play an important role in O 3 research in the future.

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Ethylene Diurea (EDU) Protection Against Ozone Injury in Tomato Plants at Delhi

Cited by 28 publications

References 13 publications

Assessing field vulnerability to phosphorus loss in Beijing agricultural area using Revised Field Phosphorus Ranking Scheme

Assessing field vulnerability to phosphorus loss in Beijing agricultural area using Revised Field Phosphorus Ranking Scheme

Effect of Ozone Exposure on Growth, Yield and Isoprene Emission from Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) Plants

Ethylene-di-urea (EDU), an effective phytoproctectant against O<sub>3</sub> deleterious effects and a valuable research tool

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