Ethylene Glycol Intoxication

Davy‐Moyle, Rachel B.; Londoño, Leo

doi:10.1002/9781119028994.ch131

Cited by 1 publication

(5 citation statements)

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“…Ethylene glycol is an odorless and sweet-tasting, extremely toxic substance. Ingestion of antifreeze is the most common source of exposure in dogs and cats (Davy-Moyle, 2018). The main consequence of this intoxication is the rapid development of acute kidney injury, caused by the direct effects of glycolic acid on the renal tubular epithelium and the deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in the tubular lumen (De Water, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main consequence of this intoxication is the rapid development of acute kidney injury, caused by the direct effects of glycolic acid on the renal tubular epithelium and the deposition of calcium oxalate crystals in the tubular lumen (De Water, 1999). In dogs, the absorption rate of ethylene glycol from the gastrointestinal tract is rapid (thirty minutes to one hour), and the plasma half-life is about 3.5 hours (Hewlett, 1989;Davy-Moyle, 2018). During intoxication with ethylene glycol, the clinical signs are variable, nonspecific and depend on the amount of ingested toxin and the time since its ingestion .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During intoxication with ethylene glycol, the clinical signs are variable, nonspecific and depend on the amount of ingested toxin and the time since its ingestion . The onset of clinical signs is described into three phases following the ingestion of ethylene glycol (Campbell, 2006;Davy-Moyle, 2018). In the first phase, occurring within several hours of ingestion, there are gastrointestinal and neurological clinical signs, such as vomiting, lethargy, paresis, ataxia and seizures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the first phase, occurring within several hours of ingestion, there are gastrointestinal and neurological clinical signs, such as vomiting, lethargy, paresis, ataxia and seizures. The second phase occurs twelve hours after ingestion and includes cardiopulmonary signs, such as tachypnea and tachycardia (Campbell, 2006;Davy-Moyle, 2018). The final phase of toxicosis becomes apparent by 24 hours with evidence of renal impairment with anuria or oliguria (Campbell, 2006;Davy-Moyle, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The second phase occurs twelve hours after ingestion and includes cardiopulmonary signs, such as tachypnea and tachycardia (Campbell, 2006;Davy-Moyle, 2018). The final phase of toxicosis becomes apparent by 24 hours with evidence of renal impairment with anuria or oliguria (Campbell, 2006;Davy-Moyle, 2018). Generally, if treatment is not initiated within the first eight hours, the prognosis is poor (Dial, 1994;Connally, 1996;Rollings, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ultrasonographic and radiographic findings of the kidneys in six dogs and one cat with ethylene glycol intoxication

Eberlé¹,

Pouzot-Nevoret²,

Barthélemy³

et al. 2022

Vlaams Diergeneeskundig Tijdschrift

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Antifreeze is the most common source of ethylene glycol poisoning in small animals, caus[1]ing rapid development of acute kidney injury. Ethylene glycol intoxication has been described in the past. However, the evolution of ultrasound devices, and in particular the use of linear probes, allow a more precise evaluation of changes in the echostructure of the kidneys. In this study, the renal ultrasonographic findings were evaluated in six dogs and one cat with ethylene glycol intoxication; particularly, echogenicity changes within the medulla, and the radiographic features of the kidneys in two dogs are described. Severe cortical hyperechogenicity was present in all dogs and was associated with acoustic shadowing in one dog. Different forms of medullary echogenicity were identified with the medullary rim sign being the most common finding. In two dogs, abdominal radiographs showed a diffuse homogeneous increased opacity of both kidneys. However, none of these changes are pathognomonic for ethylene glycol poisoning. In the cat, cortical echogenicity was normal upon admission and evolved into mild hyperechogenicity. The cat did not present medullary rim sign but showed an association of severe hyperechoic outer medulla and moderate medullary band sign.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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