Ethylene oligomerization on nickel catalysts on a solid acid support: From New mechanistic insights to tunable bifunctionality

A Zeolite-Based Cascade System to Produce Jet Fuel from Ethylene Oligomerization

“…The obtained results highlight the reaction intermediate nature of the OL 4 products. There is an agreement in heterogeneous catalysis that Ni 2+ is the active species toward oligomerization reactions, while the acidic sites of the zeolite support positively cooperate on oligomerization but also enable β-scission, isomerization, proton donation and hydride transfer reactions, as exemplified in Scheme S1. These reactions are predominant at early reaction stages (TOS < 2 h, see Figures S5 and S6) and lead to high concentrations of paraffins (PA 1–8 ), C 6 olefins (OL 6 ), and jet fuel range C 9+ products, which enable rapid coke formation .…”

From ethene to propene (ETP) on tailored silica–alumina supports with isolated Ni(ii) sites: uncovering the importance of surface nickel aluminate sites and the carbon-pool mechanism

“…The results View Article Online discussed are consistent with the following reaction mechanism. Ethene is first dimerized to 1-butene and then oligomerized further on NiIJII) sites, 41 whereas strong BAS catalyze olefin aromatization to BTXE, 42 and provide protonated aromatic species that can be alkylated by olefins such as 1-butene. Cracking of the side chain of the resulting intermediates may form propene and regenerate the cationic aromatic species (Scheme 1).…”

Tuning the Ni site location of bifunctional Ni-based catalysts for improving the performance in ethylene oligomerization

“…The effects of Ni sites and acid sites are investigated through recent studies. 29,39,40 Ni 2+ has been shown to selectively oligomerize ethylene to light, linear alkenes via the Cossee-Arlman mechanism, while Brønsted H + sites catalyze further alkylation, cracking, and isomerization reactions. Although active site formation may be nuanced to the catalyst's Ni-incorporation method or framework support, ethylene oligomerization likely proceeds through the Cossee-Arlman mechanism despite these differences, as the mechanism has been confirmed on a variety of heterogeneous supports.…”