Ethylene Oxide Sterilization of Spores in Hygroscopic Environments**Cutter Laboratories, Berkeley 10, Calif.

Opfell, J. B.; Hohmann, John P.; Latham, Arthur B.

doi:10.1002/jps.3030481103

Cited by 25 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Opfell, Hohmann & Latham (1969) showed that spores dried on to hard surfaces such as glass, plastic or metal were much more resistant than those dried on to cloth or paper. Insufficient water prevents the alkylation on which killing would seem to depend; too much causes hydrolysis to the much less active ethylene glycol.…”

Section: Ethylene Oxide: General Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfortunately the R H of the exposure chamber would seem to be less important than the humidity of the micro-environment and the water content of the microbes themselves which may depend on it. Opfell, Hohmann & Latham (1969) showed that spores dried on to hard surfaces such as glass, plastic or metal were much more resistant than those dried on to cloth or paper. Gilbert, Gambill, Spiner, Hoffman & Phillips (1964) found that spores which had been made resistant by 'hard drying' could not easily be killed by the use of a high R H in the gas sterilizing chamber but needed wetting by liquid water or prehumidification by exposure for several hours to a high RH.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Gaseous Antimicrobial Agents with Special Reference to Ethylene Oxide

Kelsey¹

1967

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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Section: Ethylene Oxide: General Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Gaseous Antimicrobial Agents with Special Reference to Ethylene Oxide

Kelsey¹

1967

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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“…The effects of variables influencing vapor phase sterilization have been studied by many workers during the past three decades. (Gross et al, 1937;Griffith et al, 1938;Yesair et al, 1942;Kaye et al, 1949;Phillips, 1949;Phillips, 195'2;Opfell et al, 1959;Ernst et al, 1962;Vondell, 1962;Gilbert et al, 1964; a Present address: Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01002. Liu et al, 1968).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochemical Factors Influencing the Death Kinetics of Spores of Clostridium botulinum 62 A

Kuzminski

Howard

Stumbo

1969

Journal of Food Science

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Death kinetics of spores of Clostridium botulinum, Type A, strain 62, were studied at sterilant gas temperatures in the range of 40°C (104°F) to 70°C (158°F). Hygroscopic carriers in the form of small discs of filter paper were used. The sterilant gas used was a mixture of dichlorodifluoromethane and ethylene oxide (88 and 12% by weight respectively).Pressures in the exposure atmosphere were adjusted to obtain an ethylene oxide concentration of 700 mg per liter at all temperatures. It was shown by gas-chromatographic analysis that an actual concentration of 700 + 20 mg per liter was maintained at all exposure temperatures during all exposure periods. The effect of various moisture levels on spore death kinetics was also studied. The relative humidities employed in both the preconditioning and exposure of spores were 3, 23, 33, 53 and 73%, respectively. Thermochemical resistance parameters, D and z, were calculated as the reciprocals of the slopes of the survivor curves and thermochemical destruction time curves, respectively.Of the various environmental moisture levels studied, a preconditioning and exposure relative humidity of 3% for destruction of C. botulinum spores taken from an aqueous suspension, was found to be most effective. This effect held for all temperatures studied. Over the range studied, temperature was seen to have the greatest effect at 3% relative humidity (RH), second greatest at 33% and least effect at

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“…THE ESSENTIAL PREREQUISITES for sterilization by ethylene oxide (EtO) gas have been clearly defined in numerous publications (Opfell, Hohmann & Latham, 1959;Royce & Bowler, 1961;Ernst & Shull, 1962;Gilbert, Gambill, Spiner, Hoffman & Phillips, 1964). Briefly, they are access of gas and moisture in the correct concentrations to all the surfaces to be sterilized and absence of dried crystalline or proteinaceous matsrial that could protect the organisms from effective contact with the sterilizing agent.…”

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confidence: 99%

Sterilization of Syringes by Ethylene Oxide

Rubbo

Gardner

1968

Journal of Applied Bacteriology

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SUMMARY Three types of disposable syringe, all known to be sterilized commercially by ethylene oxide, were contaminated with Bacillus subtilis spores at the most inaccessible site, between plunger and barrel, and processed under controlled conditions. The rate of failure in sterilization was related to the syringe design as well as to the number of spores initially present. Rubber tippe plungers forming a double edge contact with the barrel failed to a degree that varied with the thickness of the contacting edges and the tightness of fit in the barrel. Although ethylene oxide may be used if initial contamination is low, gamma radiation would be more reliable for this type of syringe.

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Ethylene Oxide Sterilization of Spores in Hygroscopic Environments**Cutter Laboratories, Berkeley 10, Calif.

Cited by 25 publications

References 6 publications

Use of Gaseous Antimicrobial Agents with Special Reference to Ethylene Oxide

Use of Gaseous Antimicrobial Agents with Special Reference to Ethylene Oxide

Thermochemical Factors Influencing the Death Kinetics of Spores of Clostridium botulinum 62 A

Sterilization of Syringes by Ethylene Oxide

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