Ethylene Response Factors in Jasmonate Signaling and Defense Response

Grennan, Aleel K.

doi:10.1104/pp.104.900254

Cited by 42 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The overall expression pattern of autophagy related genes presented here suggests that autophagy is triggered in the plant host and is necessary for host defense against A2. The expression pattern of several defense related genes was also investigated, including the JA regulated gene PDF1.2 ; the induction of which has been associated with response to necrotrophic pathogens [26]. The salicylic acid markers PR1 and PR5, which are generally involved in defense against biotrophic pathogen were also evaluated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Death Control: The Interplay of Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2013

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Programmed cell death is characterized by a cascade of tightly controlled events that culminate in the orchestrated death of the cell. In multicellular organisms autophagy and apoptosis are recognized as two principal means by which these genetically determined cell deaths occur. During plant-microbe interactions cell death programs can mediate both resistant and susceptible events. Via oxalic acid (OA), the necrotrophic phytopathogen Sclerotinia sclerotiorum hijacks host pathways and induces cell death in host plant tissue resulting in hallmark apoptotic features in a time and dose dependent manner. OA-deficient mutants are non-pathogenic and trigger a restricted cell death phenotype in the host that unexpectedly exhibits markers associated with the plant hypersensitive response including callose deposition and a pronounced oxidative burst, suggesting the plant can recognize and in this case respond, defensively. The details of this plant directed restrictive cell death associated with OA deficient mutants is the focus of this work. Using a combination of electron and fluorescence microscopy, chemical effectors and reverse genetics, we show that this restricted cell death is autophagic. Inhibition of autophagy rescued the non-pathogenic mutant phenotype. These findings indicate that autophagy is a defense response in this necrotrophic fungus/plant interaction and suggest a novel function associated with OA; namely, the suppression of autophagy. These data suggest that not all cell deaths are equivalent, and though programmed cell death occurs in both situations, the outcome is predicated on who is in control of the cell death machinery. Based on our data, we suggest that it is not cell death per se that dictates the outcome of certain plant-microbe interactions, but the manner by which cell death occurs that is crucial.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell Death Control: The Interplay of Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2013

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“…The expression of MYC2 was stimulated by brown spot infection and highly induced by JA in Beinhart 1000‐1, showing an expression pattern consistent with the higher JA sensitivity and brown spot resistance of Beinhart 1000‐1. Plenty of studies have shown that JA plays critical roles in eliciting the expression of bHLH, ERF, and WRKY transcription factor genes, which participate in defense responses against fungal pathogens via regulating the PR genes in plants (Grennan, 2008; Rushton et al, 2010; Schluttenhofer et al, 2014; Yan and Xie, 2015). The bHLH transcription factor MYC2 is a master regulator of JA‐mediated gene expression and stress responses (Kazan and Manners, 2013; Yan and Xie, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Jasmonate‐Mediated Physiological and Molecular Characteristics Correlated with the Brown Spot Resistance of Tobacco

et al. 2019

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Brown spot of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.), a fungal disease caused by Alternaria alternata, is widely spread across the world. In the present study, the physiological and transcriptional characteristics correlated with brown spot resistance were investigated using the resistant cultivar Beinhart 1000‐1 and a susceptible cultivar K326. The physiological assays revealed that Beinhart 1000‐1 was more sensitive to jasmonate (JA) than K326 in seed germination and root elongation assays. MYC2, a key regulator of the JA‐signaling pathway, exhibited a much higher expression level in Beinhart 1000‐1 than in K326 after pathogen challenge with A. Alternata or phytohormone treatment with JA, supporting the higher JA sensitivity of Beinhart 1000‐1. The transcriptional analyses showed that brown spot infection could provoke the expression of a set pathogenesis‐related (PR) genes and transcription factor genes from ethylene response factor (ERF), WRKY, and bHLH families, which are potentially involved in pathogen response. Furthermore, a number of these genes were induced to higher transcription levels by JA in Beinhart 1000‐1 than in K326. Cumulatively, this study revealed a set of JA‐mediated physiological and molecular factors that determine the brown spot resistance of tobacco and may provide cues for resistance breeding.

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“…In Arabidopsis, AtERF4 negatively regulates expression of jasmonate responsive defense genes and resistance to necrotrophs. In contrast, AtERF2 is a positive regulator of defense genes in the jasmonate signaling pathway, conferring resistance to necrotrophic pathogens (Grennan, 2008). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNA-seq Profiling Reveals Defense Responses in a Tolerant Potato Cultivar to Stem Infection by Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. brasiliense

et al. 2016

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Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. brasiliense is a member of the soft rot Enterobacteriaceae (SRE) family that causes tuber soft rot and blackleg diseases of stems in potato plants. Currently, there are no effective chemical strategies for the control of members of the SRE. Thus, an understanding of the inducible defense responses in stems of potato plants is important, particularly during colonization of the vascular system. Here, time-course RNA-sequencing analysis was used to compare expressed genes between a susceptible potato cultivar (Solanum tuberosum cv Valor) and a tolerant cultivar (S. tuberosum cv BP1) at 0, 6, 12, 24, and 72 h post-inoculation with P. c. brasiliense. In total, we identified 6139 and 8214 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the tolerant and susceptible cultivars, compared to mock-inoculated controls, respectively. Key DEGs distinguishing between tolerance and susceptibility were associated with negative regulation of cell death and plant-type cell wall organization/biogenesis biological processes in the tolerant and susceptible cultivars, respectively. Among these were DEGs involved in signaling (mainly MAPK cascade and ethylene pathway), defense-related transcription regulation including WRKY transcription factors, and downstream secondary cell biosynthesis. Together, our results suggest that S. tuberosum cv BP1 likely employs quantitative defense response against P. c. brasiliense. Overall, our study provides the first transcriptome-wide insight into the molecular basis of tolerance and/or resistance of potato stems to SRE infection.

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Ethylene Response Factors in Jasmonate Signaling and Defense Response

Cited by 42 publications

References 12 publications

Cell Death Control: The Interplay of Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Cell Death Control: The Interplay of Apoptosis and Autophagy in the Pathogenicity of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Identification of Jasmonate‐Mediated Physiological and Molecular Characteristics Correlated with the Brown Spot Resistance of Tobacco

RNA-seq Profiling Reveals Defense Responses in a Tolerant Potato Cultivar to Stem Infection by Pectobacterium carotovorum ssp. brasiliense

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