Ethylene vinyl acetate/layered silicate nanocomposites prepared by a surfactant-free method: Enhanced flame retardant and mechanical properties

Shi, Yaru; Kashiwagi, Takashi; Walters, Richard N.; Gilman, Jeffrey W.; Lyon, Richard E.; Sogah, Dotsevi Y.

doi:10.1016/j.polymer.2009.06.013

Cited by 137 publications

(95 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…To further investigate the flame retardancy of PMMA/DOPO-AA copolymers, heat release rate (HRR) data are required. [26,27] The HRR curves versus temperatures for PMMA and the copolymers are presented in Fig. 5; PHRR and total heat release rate (THR) are listed in Table 1.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situsynthesis of a novel transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) resin with markedly enhanced flame retardancy

Jiang

Zhu

et al. 2015

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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A novel phosphorus-containing monomer, (6-oxido-6H-dibenzo [c,e][1,2]oxaphosphinin-6-yl)methyl acrylate (DOPO-AA), is first synthesized and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR), 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and 31 P NMR. The monomer is then introduced into poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) matrix via in situ copolymerization to produce a new PMMA based copolymer (PMMA/DOPO-AA). From UV-vis spectra, microscale combustion calorimeter (MCC) and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA) results, the as-fabricated PMMA/DOPO-AA copolymers not only keep relatively high transparency, but also exhibit remarkable improvements in the flame retardancy and thermal stability, such as increased T 0.5 by 60.2°C and limited oxygen index (LOI) by 4.1, and decreased peak heat released rate (PHRR) by 34.7%. Thermal degradation behaviors investigated by real time Fourier transform infrared spectra (RTIR), char structure analysis studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and pyrolysis gaseous products studied by TGA coupled with FTIR (TGA-FTIR) demonstrate that the catalytic charring function of DOPO-AA in condensed phase and DOPO flame retardant systems in the gas phase are two key factors for the property enhancements. This work not only provides a promising flame-retardant monomer for polymers, but also will stimulate more efforts on the development of DOPO-containing flame-retardant monomers.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situsynthesis of a novel transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) resin with markedly enhanced flame retardancy

Jiang

Zhu

et al. 2015

Polym. Adv. Technol.

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“…Shi et al modified MMT nanoclay with a cationic vinyl acetate copolymer to make a masterbatch and then mix with Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA). They found desirable flammability and mechanical properties in these nanocomposites [17]. Thermoplastic elastomers can be used as modifiers for engineering thermoplastics including nylons to tailor the mechanical properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Extinguishing and Non-Drip Flame Retardant Polyamide 6 Nanocomposite: Mechanical, Thermal, and Combustion Behavior

Ortiz

Correa

et al. 2018

Flame Retardancy and Thermal Stability of Materials

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Incorporation of flame-retardant (FR) additives and nanoclay fillers into thermoplastic polymers effectively suppresses materials flammability and melt dripping behavior. However, it largely affects other properties, such as toughness and ductility. In order to recover the lost toughness and ductility of flame retardant polyamide 6, various loadings of maleic anhydride modified SEBS elastomer were added and processed by twin screw extrusion. TEM images showed exfoliated nanoclay platelets and reveals that the clay platelets well dispersed in the polymer matrix. By balancing the ratio of flame retardants, nanoclay and elastomers, formulation with elongation at break as high as 76% was achieved. Combining conventional intumescent FR and nanoclay, UL-94 V-0 rating and the LOI value as high as 32.2 were achieved. In conclusion, effective self-extinguishing and non-drip polyamide 6 nanocomposite formulations with significant improvement in toughness and ductility were achieved.

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“…Several authors have investigated correlations among the results obtained with PCFC and some of the tests commonly used to evaluate fire and flame performance: LOI, cone calorimeter and UL94 [35,36]. The HRC obtained from the PCFC test has been found to be a good 200 Jg -1 ºC -1 have a 95% probability of being classified as V-0 (the burning self-extinguishes within 10 seconds and no inflamed drips are produced) according to the UL94 standard [37].…”

Section: Pyrolysis Combustion Flow Calorimeter (Pcfc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fire behaviour of a mortar with different mass fractions of phase change material for use in radiant floor systems

Ibarra

Mazo

Delgado

et al. 2014

Energy and Buildings

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(Laia Haurie), jmazo@unizar.es (Javier Mazo), monica@unizar.es (Mónica Delgado), bzalba@unizar.es (Belén Zalba). AbstractThe present work focuses on the reaction to fire of a cement mortar containing Phase Change Material (PCM), which is embedded in a lightweight aggregate, for buildings. Several samples containing different PCM mass fractions have been prepared and tested in order to study the influence of the quantity of PCM on fire behaviour. The enthalpy-temperature of the PCM curve has been measured using the T-history method, and the effect of the PCM on the thermal behaviour of the cement mortar material has been studied using an experimental setup. With the aim of characterising the reaction of the composite material to fire, various small scale laboratory tests have been carried out, paying special attention to the production of burning drops during combustion, smoke release and flame persistence. Nomenclature FoFourier number HDPE High-density polyethylene

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Ethylene vinyl acetate/layered silicate nanocomposites prepared by a surfactant-free method: Enhanced flame retardant and mechanical properties

Cited by 137 publications

References 49 publications

In situsynthesis of a novel transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) resin with markedly enhanced flame retardancy

In situsynthesis of a novel transparent poly (methyl methacrylate) resin with markedly enhanced flame retardancy

Self-Extinguishing and Non-Drip Flame Retardant Polyamide 6 Nanocomposite: Mechanical, Thermal, and Combustion Behavior

Fire behaviour of a mortar with different mass fractions of phase change material for use in radiant floor systems

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