Etiología bacteriana de la otitis media aguda en España en la era de la vacuna neumocócica conjugada

Pumarola, Felix; Cueva, Ignacio Salamanca de la; Sistiaga-Hernando, Alessandra; Garcı́a-Corbeira, Pilar; Llop, F.A. Moraga; Cardelús, Sara; McCoig, Cynthia; Martínez, Justo Ramón Gómez; Ferrer, Rosa Rosell; Turpín, Jesús Iniesta; Devadiga, Raghavendra

doi:10.1016/j.anpedi.2015.10.016

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The prevalence of bacterial pathogens in children with otitis media has been investigated in different European countries [21][22][23][24], but only one study (which analyzed samples from AOM cases with spontaneous otorrhea) has been performed in Portugal [20]. The implementation of the PCV has been reported to impact OM etiology.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The percentage of children immunized in Europe is high (80%) [29], as were those from which samples were collected (93.88%). After the implementation of PCV, studies reported a change in pathogen dominance from S. pneumoniae to H. influenzae (in France and Greece) [21,22], as well as the replacement of S. pneumoniae serotypes covered by the vaccine by others (in France and Spain) [21,24,30]. Moreover, the high use and misuse of antibiotics may have impacted the prevalence of some bacterial species and serotypes [22].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of the Bacterial Pathogens in Children with Otitis Media: A Study in the Northwestern Portuguese District of Braga

Silva

Lima

Marçal³

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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Understanding the bacterial etiology of otitis media (OM) is important when designing and evaluating the best course of treatment. This study analyzed middle ear fluid (MEF) and nasopharynx (NP) samples collected from 49 children with OM undergoing myringotomy in the northwestern Portuguese district of Braga. A correlation between species in the NP and MEF was observed following pathogen detection by culture and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods. Bacterial identification using culturing methods showed that Moraxella catarrhalis was the most representative in NP and MEF, followed by Streptococcus pneumoniae. However, qPCR of MEF showed a higher prevalence (61%) of Haemophilus influenzae. S. pneumoniae was not the most frequently identified species, but it still remains one of the leading causes of OM in this region despite 93.9% of the children being vaccinated with the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Furthermore, 46% of the samples analyzed by qPCR identified more than two bacterial species. M. catarrhalis and S. pneumoniae were the most frequent combination identified in NP and MEF samples by culturing methods. Additionally, a few NP and MEF samples simultaneously presented the three main otopathogens. These results point out that polymicrobial infections play an important role in OM. Further studies characterizing the serotypes of the strains isolated, their resistance profile, and their biofilm forming ability would help in the development of more targeted strategies against otitis media.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of the Bacterial Pathogens in Children with Otitis Media: A Study in the Northwestern Portuguese District of Braga

Silva

Lima

Marçal³

et al. 2021

Microorganisms

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“…Nasopharyngeal colonization precedes pneumococcal disease, is a major factor for horizontal transmission within the community, especially among young children ( 5 ), and reflects the pneumococcal strains circulating in the community ( 6 ). Pneumococci are among the most frequent causes of bacterial AOM ( 7 – 9 ), which is the most common bacterial infection in children under 3 years of age ( 10 ). Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) interrupt the transmission of antibiotic-resistant pneumococci and thus decrease the burden of disease caused by antibiotic-resistant isolates in immunized children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vaccination on Pneumococci Isolated from the Nasopharynx of Healthy Children and the Middle Ear of Children with Otitis Media in Iceland

et al. 2018

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“…Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the most common pathogens causing a variety of respiratory infectious diseases, such as otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis. S.pn includes at least 97 identified serotypes, and 19F is the prevailing human pathogen from the middle ear of otitis media patients (21). So far, the mechanism of the host immune response against S.pn AOM remains largely unknown.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innate Anti-microbial and Anti-chemotaxis Properties of Progranulin in an Acute Otitis Media Mouse Model

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2018

Front. Immunol.

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Acute otitis media (AOM) is one of the most common infectious diseases primarily caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (S.pn) among children. Progranulin (PGRN) is a multifunctional growth factor widely expressed in various tissues and cells. Studies have confirmed that PGRN is involved in the development of a variety of inflammatory diseases. We found that the expression of PGRN increased significantly in the middle ear of wild mice with AOM. However, its physiological functions in AOM still remain unknown. To examine the role of PGRN during AOM, we established an acute otitis media model in both C57BL/6 wild mice and PGRN-deficient (PGRN−/−) mice via transbullar injection with S.pn clinical strain serotype 19F. Interestingly, we observed dual results: on one hand, macrophage recruitment notably increased in PGRN−/− mice compared with WT mice; on the other hand, the overall bacterial clearance was surprisingly dampened in PGRN−/− mice. The enhanced recruitment of macrophages was associated with increased production of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), while the decreased bacterial clearance was associated with impaired endocytosis capacity of macrophages. The scavenging ability of bacteria in PGRN−/− mice was recovered with administration of recombinant PGRN. These results suggested a novel dual role of PGRN in affecting the activities of macrophages.

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Etiología bacteriana de la otitis media aguda en España en la era de la vacuna neumocócica conjugada

Abstract: NTHi and Spn were the main etiological agents for AOM in Spain. Impact of pneumococcal vaccination on AOM requires further evaluation in Spain, after higher vaccination coverage rate is reached.

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

Identification of the Bacterial Pathogens in Children with Otitis Media: A Study in the Northwestern Portuguese District of Braga

Identification of the Bacterial Pathogens in Children with Otitis Media: A Study in the Northwestern Portuguese District of Braga

Effect of Vaccination on Pneumococci Isolated from the Nasopharynx of Healthy Children and the Middle Ear of Children with Otitis Media in Iceland

Innate Anti-microbial and Anti-chemotaxis Properties of Progranulin in an Acute Otitis Media Mouse Model

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