Etiological agents of bacterial meningitis in adults and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolated between 2009-2016 from patients of Regional Specialist Hospital of Dr Wł. Biegański in Lódź

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. Bacterial meningitis (BM) is one of the most severe clinical form of infections, which is well known for an acute course and high mortality. Therefore, it is crucial to establish the etiology and antibiotic susceptibility of frequently isolated microorganisms. AIM. The aim of this study was to present the etiological agents of BM in adults and antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The inpatient medical records with positive results of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples obtained from the patients of Regional Specialist Hospital of dr Wł. Biegański in Łódź between January 2009 and January 2016 were analyzed. RESULTS. In total 1303 CSF samples were taken from 863 patients during this study period, of which 130 CSF specimens were positive for bacterial growth. However, 29 of them were recognized as the contamination and rejected. Therefore, 101 bacterial strains isolated from the CSF samples of 96 patients were analyzed. Five patients had the recurrence of BM. S. pneumoniae was the predominant isolated species (36 strains, 35.6%) which antimicrobial susceptibility results were presented. CONCLUSIIONS. S. pneumoniae was the most common etiological agent of BM in both patient age groups: adults aged >50 years and adults aged 20-50 years. N.meningitidis was isolated most frequent from patients ≤50 years, while S. aureus and Gram-negative bacilli were obtained mainly from group > 50 years old. All tested strains of S. pneumoniae were sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, levofloxacin, rifampicin and chloramphenicol. High percentage of fully sensitivity to ceftriakson (97.2%) and meropenem (96.4%) was observed. Resistance to penicillin was detected in 27.8% of all strains.

Bacterial Meningitis among Adult Patients at University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospital: Prevalence and Antimicrobial Susceptibility Patterns

“…The present study showed that Streptococcus pneumonia, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and N. meningitidis were the predominant pathogens that caused bacterial meningitis. S. pneumoniae was the predominant pathogen, and it remains an important cause of bacterial meningitis, which is in agreement with the results of a previous study by Amaya-Villar R et al [25], Van de Beek D et al [26], Wall EC et al [27], Mook-Kanamori BB et al [28], Adriani KS et al [29], Weisfelt M et al [30], and Mirecka A [31]. However, other studies reported that N. meningitidis (18), Mycobacterium tuberculosis [20], coagulase-negative staphylococci [24], and Listeria monocytogenes [32] were the leading cause of bacterial meningitis.…”

“…However, other studies reported that N. meningitidis (18), Mycobacterium tuberculosis [20], coagulase-negative staphylococci [24], and Listeria monocytogenes [32] were the leading cause of bacterial meningitis. Moreover, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were the second frequent etiological agent, which is comparable with a study conducted by Mook-Kanamori BB et al (28) and Mirecka A [31].…”

“…Furthermore, N. meningitidis isolates were sensitive for amoxicillin (100%), and erythromycin (100%), but resistant for penicillin (100%). However, Mirecka A [31] reported that Neisseria meningitidis isolates were sensitive to penicillin. The differences in the susceptibility pattern of the isolates might be due to the differences in the management of antibiotics and diagnostic techniques employed.…”

Systematic identification of knowledge gaps in whole-genome sequence analysis of multi-resistant thermotolerant Campylobacter spp

“…Given that the two genes were also identi ed in close proximity to transposases within operon structures among Vietnamese isolates, it is highly probable that they will continue to disseminate. Although chloramphenicol is not commonly used in human medicine due to its bone marrow toxicity, it is still reserved for the treatment of severe infections such as certain types of meningitis, rickettsiae, or typhoid fever (101)(102)(103)(104).…”

Novel Anthranilic Acid Hybrids—An Alternative Weapon against Inflammatory Diseases

“…It has been used for decades as a muscle relaxant, brain and coronary vasodilator, and non-specific spasmolytic agent [26] (Figure 2). A phenylethylamine derivative, chloramphenicol, is used to treat and manage superficial eye infections such as bacterial conjunctivitis and otitis externa (Figure 2) [27,28]. Finding new therapeutic strategies, manipulating established pharmacological targets, or validating novel agents with a different mechanism of action remain the top priority.…”