Etiological agents of wounds infection and their antibiogram against various antibiotics in patients of Gilgit-Pakistan

Abstract

Wound infections are one of the most common infection in which bacterial flora proliferates and delayed the wound healing process. Normally skin normal flora and environment contaminate the wounds. This study was conducted in Gilgit and primary aim of the study was to determine the common causative agents of wound infection and their fluctuating susceptibility pattern against commonly used antibiotics. In this study 185 infected wound samples were taken from patients with high suspicion of wound infection attended at inpatient and outpatient departments of district headquarter (DHQ) hospital Gilgit from December 2014 to September 2015. Swabs from, infected wounds were taken aseptically by using Levine's technique and cultured on blood and MacConkey agars. Bacterial colonies were Gram stained and examined microscopically. Biochemical tests were done to identify pathogens. The antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by disk diffusion method. Both the genders were included in this study and age of patients in the study was ranged from 6 months to 75years. Out of 185 wound swabs, 124 samples yielded significant bacterial growth, the prevalence of wound infection was 67.02 %. S. aureus as most prevalent pathogen 59 (39.3%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 31(20.67%). Age group and sex did not affect the prevalence. Most prevalent wound type was trauma 70 (66.67%). All Gram positive cocci were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid (83.33-100%). All Gram negative bacilli showed good response towards piperacillin-tazobactum and imipenem in a range of 90-100%.This study revealed the alarming increase of wound infections by drug resistant bacterial pathogens.