Etiological agerelated description of communityacquired pneumonia in children

Левина, А. С.; Бабаченко, И. В.; Шарипова, Е. В.; Ibragimova, O. M.; Кветная, А. С.; Калиногорская, О С; Мурина, Е. А.; Gostev, Vladimir

doi:10.18093/0869-0189-2014-0-5-62-66

Cited by 6 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…В последние годы значительно возросло количество публикаций, подтверждающих значение вирусов в этиологии ВП [28,41]. Чаще всего пневмонией осложняется гриппозная инфекция.…”

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Modern Aspects of Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Круглякова¹,

Kruglyakova

Нарышкина³

et al. 2019

Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration

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Thanks to a large number of studies on community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) by scientists around the world, new data are emerging on various aspects of the problem. Therefore, it is necessary to regularly update knowledge on this issue. Despite the tendency to decrease in recent years, the incidence of CAP is 5-10 cases per 1 thousand of the population. In the structure of the general morbidity of respiratory diseases, CAP ranks 2nd in the adult population and 1st in children. Mortality from CAP ranges from 5% to 25-50% depending on the severity, mechanisms of development and personality of the patient (age, nutritional status, concomitant diseases, immune system, etc.), increasing with the growth of diseases of the upper respiratory tract caused by pneumotropic viruses. The clinical lecture presents current data on the features of etiology, previously little known mechanisms of the pathogenesis of CAP, the clinic of typical bacterial, viral, fungal, mycoplasmic and parasitic CAP, as well as the features of the disease in patients with severe immune disorders (AIDS, other diseases/pathological conditions) and aspiration pneumonia. In short form there are discussed the main recommendations for the treatment of CAP in various clinical groups: outpatients, persons with mild CAP, patients with severe CAP with suspected infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa and aspiration.

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unclassified

Modern Aspects of Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Круглякова¹,

Kruglyakova

Нарышкина³

et al. 2019

Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration

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Pneumococcal infection in Russia: state of the issue

2021

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Background: Pneumococcal disease is common cause of morbidity and mortality in adults and children worldwide. The severity of pneumococcal diseases determines their high socio-economic significance. Aims: Estimate the burden of pneumococcal infection and vaccination coverage in Russia. Methods: The data was obtained from federal surveillance system. The information obtained was analyzed using descriptive statistics methods. Results: The annual incidence of community-acquired pneumonia in Russia was 491.7/100000 in 2011-2019. It ranges from 359.8/100000 among adults of working age to 1505.4/100000 among children 1-2 years old. The upward trend of incidence is observed throughout the period, most expressive among school-age children (7-17 years old). Total 29.2% of all pneumonia have an identified etiology. 94% of pneumonia with known etiology are bacterial, 8.4% among it are pneumococcal. Pneumonia accounts for 57% of all deaths from respiratory diseases among children under five (3.7/100000) and 34% among elderly. The death rate from pneumonia in 2009-2018 tends to decrease. In 2018, 25.5 thousand deaths from pneumonia were registered (17.5/100000). The highest rate is observed among children under one year (14.0 /100000) and elderly (41.2 /100000). There is a downward trend in incidence of otitis media. The incidence in children under 14 was 2612.6/100 000 in 2018. The incidence of bacterial meningitis is 1.4/100 000. Every year 2-3 thousand cases are registered, 43-52% of which are among children (3.04/100000., maximally in children under one year old, 13.2/100000). The level of vaccination against pneumococcal infection is increasing annually, but the proportion of children who have received a completed course of vaccination remains insufficient (64.6% in 2019). Coverage among the adult population was 2.3% (3.8% among those over 60). The main contingents of vaccinated adults are conscripts (coverage 67.4%) and people with chronic lung diseases (coverage 15.1%). Conclusions: The socio-economic and epidemiological burden of diseases associated with pneumococcal infection in Russia remains high. Accurate assessment of morbidity and mortality rates caused by St. pneumoniae diseases isnt possible due to the insufficient level of their ethological identification. Further efforts are required to achieve high level of herd immunity against pneumococcal infection through vaccine prevention during COVID-19 pandemic.

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On the issue of the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children

Khaliullina,

Anokhin,

Gataullin

et al. 2024

Ross. vestn. perinatol. pediatr.

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According to global statistics, the number of cases of community-acquired pneumonia in children exceeds 150 million per year, and despite the introduction of vaccinations, this figure has not significantly decreased. Respiratory viruses, particularly respiratory syncytial virus, are recognized as the main cause of community-acquired pneumonia among preschool children during non-epidemic periods. Pneumococci also continue to play a significant role among bacterial pathogens. There is a significant increase in the prevalence of M. pneumoniae in the etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia in recent years. Modern clinical guidelines for the use of antibiotics recommend taking into account patient age, vaccination status, and data on circulating pneumococcal strains when prescribing treatment. The COVID-19 pandemic and its subsequent relaxation of strict restrictions in the last two years have led to changes in the structure of infectious diseases, including the causes of lower respiratory tract infections.

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Etiological agerelated description of communityacquired pneumonia in children

Cited by 6 publications

References 1 publication

Modern Aspects of Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Modern Aspects of Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Pneumococcal infection in Russia: state of the issue

On the issue of the etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in children

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