Etiological profile of bacterial meningitis in children

Mantese, Orlando César; Hirano, Jorge; Santos, Irenize C.; Castro, Elísio; Silva, Valéria M.

doi:10.2223/jped.901

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Of the 251 included children 129 (51.9%) had previous antibiotic treatment, result similar to that of a study done in Brasilia which observed 47.2% of children to have received an antibiotics previously [29]. This can be explain by the absence of regulation in the use of antibiotic in DR Congo were people have easy antibiotic access.…”

Section: Socio Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Of The Samplessupporting

confidence: 73%

In Hospital Death among under Five Years Children Hospitalized with Meningitis in the Eastern of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Manegabe,

Bidhoro,

Mulindwa

et al. 2023

OJPed

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Background: Meningitis is a major public health problem needing timely diagnosis, appropriate treatment, prevention and control. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases, meningitis is still considered as an important cause of mortality and morbidity, especially in the paediatric population of lower income countries such as the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DR Congo). In this study, we aimed to analyse the fatality aspect of suspected meningitis among children under five years. Materials and Methods: A prospective, descriptive study was carried out in the Paediatrics departments of four hospitals in the South-Kivu province in the Eastern part of the DR Congo from April 2021 to March 2022. Of the 1386 children enrolled, 251 children were suspected of meningitis. This study captures data generated in the framework of routine medical practice, which includes medical history, clinical diagnosis and results of locally conducted laboratory tests. Results: Throughout the study period, a total of 251 patients (18.1%) aged 1 month to 59 months with suspected meningitis were recruited out of 1386 children hospitalized in the Paediatrics. The fatality among hospitalized children with suspected meningitis during the study period was 27.9%, however the mortality linked to meningitis decreases with age, ranging from 37.5% among children under 2 years to 19.4% among those over 2 years old. Children hospitalized for meningitis with malnutrition as an underlying conditions, had a 3.5 times greater risk of dying. The case fatality rate was higher in transferred and not vaccinated children respectively (2.3 and 2.5 times). We observe that the death occurs early within the first 3 days. Conclusion:

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Section: Socio Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Of The Samplessupporting

confidence: 73%

In Hospital Death among under Five Years Children Hospitalized with Meningitis in the Eastern of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Manegabe,

Bidhoro,

Mulindwa

et al. 2023

OJPed

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“…[14] In another study, about 415 children with bacterial meningitis, the causal agent was definitively identified in 69.3%: meningococcus was found in 20.6%, with a mortality of 4.6%.This same study linked a decrease in positive blood cultures, both blood and CSF, with the use of empirical antimicrobial -50.8 to 38.7% and 71.7 to 57.6%, respectively. [15] Donalisio et al [16] had positive culture in 68.7% of 568 reported cases of meningococcal disease, and suggest that age and sex did not affect the chance to confirm the diagnosis of DM by culture of CSF or blood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical and laboratory aspects of adults and children admitted with meningococcal meningitis to a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil

Daher

Maia

Ciarlini

et al. 2012

Ann Trop Med Public Health

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Background: Meningococcal meningitis (MM) persists in developing countries in forms of outbreaks, epidemics or sporadic cases, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the clinical and laboratory aspects of adults and children with MM. Materials and Methods: This is a retrospective study with 291 patients diagnosed with MM, hospitalized in a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, Northeast of Brazil, between 1999 and 2009. We analyzed epidemiological, clinical and laboratory findings. Results: The mean age of patients was 13.7 ± 12.8 years, ranging from newborn to 71 years, 59% were 12 or less, mostly male (57.3%). Average time between symptom onset and hospitalization was 2.21 ± 2.62 days. There was associated meningococcemia at 22.3% of cases. The most common manifestations were fever (92.7%), vomiting (80.4%), headache (68.7%), neck stiffness (64.9%) and petechiae (31.9%). Laboratory tests showed an average Hb 11.1 ± 1.7 g/dL, WBC 17.94 ± 17.29 x 10³/mm³, platelets 20.58 ± 11.53 x 10³/mm³. Sodium (134.66 ± 14.89 mEq/l), potassium (4.2315 ± 3.8805 mEq/l), urea (35.66 ± 35.96 mg/dl), creatinine (0.77 ± 0.77 mg/dl), AST (48.81 ± 62.73 units/L), and ALT (37.93 ± 36.78 units/L) were other laboratory parameters. There was record of 25 deaths (8.5%). Conclusion: Most were children below 12 years, suggesting the vulnerability of this age group for MM. There was no statistical difference between adults and children with regard to laboratorial parameters, but the data show numbers that can represent a laboratory profile of the disease.

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“…The aetiology of bacterial meningitis varies by age group and region of the world, the reasons for this association remains incompletely understood. Increased availability, awareness and usage of vaccines may contribute to change in the epidemiological pattern of these pathogens [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Study of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Children by Gram Stain, Culture and Antigen Detection

RAMYASRI,

RAJYALAKSHMI,

RANI

et al. 2024

Int J Curr Pharm Sci

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Objective: Acute Bacterial Meningitis (ABM) is associated with a high mortality rate and morbidity in paediatric population despite recent advances in diagnostic methods, antimicrobial and supportive treatments and monitoring. This study is therefore undertaken to aid in rapid diagnosis of ABM by latex agglutination test (LAT) and to comparatively evaluate Gram stain, Culture and LAT in the diagnosis of ABM along with antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates. We undertake this study in children with symptoms of meningitis to isolate and identify the pathogens in CSF and blood and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility pattern. We will compare and evaluate the three methods Gram stain, culture and Antigen detection. Methods: A hospital-based prospective study conducted at Government General Hospital, Kakinada during December 2018–August 2020. A total of 50 clinically suspected cases of bacterial meningitis in the paediatric age group were taken. The CSF sample was collected and subjected to Gram stain, culture and antigen detection tests using PASTOREX TMMENINGITIS kit. Results: Out of 50 samples collected, 15 cases were declared as laboratory confirmed cases as per WHO criteria. Gram stain was positive in 6 cases. CSF culture could identify 8 cases of ABM. CSF LAT was positive in 12 cases. Group B Streptococcus was the most common etiological agent in neonates, while S. pneumoniae in children. The isolates were 100% sensitive to cefoperazone, cefuroxime, cefepime and gentamicin. Conclusion: Although Gram stain is simple and CSF culture is the gold standard, LAT has an advantage over Gram stain in terms of species identification. It was found to be more sensitive, rapid, easy to perform and could identify fastidious organisms like S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis and Group B Streptococcus.

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Etiological profile of bacterial meningitis in children

Cited by 6 publications

References 13 publications

In Hospital Death among under Five Years Children Hospitalized with Meningitis in the Eastern of the Democratic Republic of Congo

In Hospital Death among under Five Years Children Hospitalized with Meningitis in the Eastern of the Democratic Republic of Congo

Clinical and laboratory aspects of adults and children admitted with meningococcal meningitis to a tertiary hospital in Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil

Study of Acute Bacterial Meningitis in Children by Gram Stain, Culture and Antigen Detection

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