Etiologies of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Update on Mucosal, Genetic, and Cellular Pathogenesis

Kronzer, Vanessa L.; Davis, John M.

doi:10.1007/s11926-021-00993-0

Cited by 28 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 98 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…Over the last 2 decades, the emergence of several novel techniques, such as multi‐omics approaches and artificial intelligence, has allowed us to explore the pathogenesis of RA in more depth. 7 , 8 Based on next‐generation sequencing technology, the rapidly developing single‐cell sequencing enables the profiling of genomes and transcriptomes of individual cells. 9 Recently, single‐cell RNA sequencing (scRNA‐seq) has been applied in studies of RA, revealing some important aspects of its pathogenesis, including cell populations in synovial tissue, gene expression driving inflammation, and signaling pathways contributing to joint destruction.…”

Section: Single‐cell Sequencing Revealed the Underlying Pathogenesis ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into the pathogenesis and management of rheumatoid arthritis

Jin

Zeng

et al. 2022

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine

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Over the past few decades, understanding of the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has improved substantially. Insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in RA have enabled the discovery of new therapeutic targets and led to the development of biologics and targeted synthetic disease‐modifying antirheumatic drugs. In parallel with the improvement in therapies, the evolution of strategies in the management of RA has also contributed considerably to better outcomes in patients. Major changes include the development of disease activity measures, formulation of the treat‐to‐target principles as well as increased attention to comorbidities. The presence of comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases may increase the mortality of RA patients, affect their treatment strategies and result in worse outcomes. Therefore, prevention and management of certain high‐risk comorbidities have become increasingly important in the long‐term treatment of RA. In this study, we summarized new insights into the pathogenesis and management of rheumatoid arthritis and associated comorbidities, with a special focus on the 2021 update of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) guideline for RA and key reports presented at the 2021 ACR convergence.

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Section: Single‐cell Sequencing Revealed the Underlying Pathogenesis ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

New insights into the pathogenesis and management of rheumatoid arthritis

Jin

Zeng

et al. 2022

Chronic Diseases and Translational Medicine

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“…An expanding role in the pathogenesis of RA is attributed to the microbiome. Periodontal diseases, in particular those caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis, are more common in people with RA [19].…”

Section: Rheumatoid Arthritismentioning

confidence: 99%

Autoimmune disorders and thyroid function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis after biological treatment

Sawicka‐Gutaj

Wietrzyk²,

Zawalna³

et al. 2022

Rheumatology Forum

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and autoimmune diseases of the thyroid gland (AITD) often occur together. As autoimmune diseases, they share common pathological pathways, reflecting the fact that the treatment of the underlying disease can influence the course of thyroid disorders. The pharmacotherapy of RA is based on the supply of disease-modifying anti-inflammatory drugs with an increasing focus on biologics. This article aims to review the available literature describing the effects of biological treatments on thyroid function. The use of biologi-cal drugs may have the potential benefit of regulating the level of anti-thyroid antibodies. On the other hand, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) inhibitors are not indifferent to thyroid function and may increase the incidence of subacute thyroiditis. The coexistence of AITD and RA prompts consideration of the need for routine thyroid screening in RA patients and for RA screening in patients with thyroid disease who report joint problems.

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“…Both genetic and environmental risk factors for developing RA have been identified (48). In addition, dietary, reproductive and lifestyle-associated factors have been implicated in the pathogenesis of RA (49).…”

Section: Etiopathogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Secretory Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Roos

2022

Linköping University Medical Dissertations

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Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease in which autoantibodies, such as anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPA), can be detected in the serum of patients. Autoantibodies may appear in the circulation years before clinical signs of joint inflammation occur, indicating that early immunological pathogenetic steps take place outside of the joints. Although many of these mechanisms are currently unknown, the initial events leading up to ACPA production are thought to occur at mucosal surfaces. In this thesis, mucosa-associated secretory ACPA are investigated in the circulation and in local mucosal secretions to: (i) improve the understanding of the mucosal connection in RA; and (ii) investigate whether these antibodies can improve diagnostics and prognostics in early RA.We identified circulating secretory component containing (SC) ACPA in a subpopulation of patients (both early and established RA) and atrisk patients, with a prevalence of 16%-21%. In addition, SC ACPA was detected in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and IgA ACPA in saliva, indicating local production in the lungs and in the oral cavity. In at-risk patients who were positive for IgG ACPA, we found that the levels of circulating SC ACPA at inclusion predicted arthritis development. Circulating SC ACPA was associated with higher disease activity, including increased levels of inflammatory markers, in patients with early RA. Levels of circulating SC ACPA were associated with high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) findings (parenchymal lung abnormalities and bronchiectasis) and smoking, but not with risk genes (shared epitope). We confirmed the presence of salivary ACPA and identified a novel association with increased disease activity and functional disability.In summary, SC ACPA is present in the sera of patients with RA who manifest different phases of the disease, and we found associations with arthritis onset, smoking, systemic inflammation, and lung abnormalities. SC ACPA is also detectable in mucosal secretions from the lungs and the oral cavity. These findings suggest that mucosal ACPA production may be an important factor in RA development and progression, and that serum SC ACPA should be further evaluated as a prognostic marker for disease onset among at-risk individuals.

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Etiologies of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Update on Mucosal, Genetic, and Cellular Pathogenesis

Cited by 28 publications

References 98 publications

New insights into the pathogenesis and management of rheumatoid arthritis

New insights into the pathogenesis and management of rheumatoid arthritis

Autoimmune disorders and thyroid function in patients with rheumatoid arthritis after biological treatment

Secretory Autoantibodies in Rheumatoid Arthritis

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