Etiology and control of orchard replant problems: a review

Traquair, J. A.

doi:10.1080/07060668409501591

Cited by 68 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Apple replant disease (ARD) is part of the apple replant problem. This disease suppresses growth and yield of pome fruits in all the major fruit growing areas of the world (Traquair, 1984).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of nematodes, fungi and bacteria on the growth of young apple trees grown in apple replant disease soil

1992

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Growth, dry root weight of seedlings and root score of apple seedlings cv. McIntosh were reduced when soils were inoculated with Pratylenchus penetrans, Penicillium janthinellum, Constantinella terrestris, Trichoderma sp., and 4 strains of Bacillus subtilis. Trichoderma sp., and B-1 and B-26 strains of B. subtilis alone reduced plant growth but the combination of Trichoderma sp. + B. subtilis (B-l) and Trichoderma sp. + B. subtilis (B-26) increased plant height. Plant height, root weight and root score were significantly reduced when P. penetrans plus B. subtilis or P. penetrans plus fungi plus bacteria were present in the soil. It is suggested that fungi, bacteria, nematodes alone or their combinations such as nematodes plus bacteria or nematodes plus fungi plus bacteria may contribute towards the occurrence of apple replant disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Abiotic causal factors include unbalanced nutrition, low or high pH, poor soil structure and drainage, cold or drought stress (Traquair, 1984). Nevertheless, because of the control obtained with soil fumigation and/or pasteurization, the cause of ARD is thought to be biotic * Contribution number 700.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of nematodes, fungi and bacteria on the growth of young apple trees grown in apple replant disease soil

1992

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“…This phenomenon can be traced to the last century. [13,14] Studies have focused on how to overcome or ease the grapevine replant problem and results have shown that soil fumigation is an effective solution.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid on grape (Vitis viniferaL.) soil microbial community structure and functional diversity

Guo

Wang

et al. 2015

Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment

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-gang Xie (2015) Effect of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid on grape (Vitisvinifera L.) soil microbial community structure and functional diversity, Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment, 29:4, 637-645, DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2015 Phenolic compounds are considered to be an important autotoxic substances. The interactions between them and soil microbes are increasingly becoming a focus of the allelopathic research studies. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid on soil microbial community structure and functional diversity. Bulk soil without grapevine cuttings (Group 1) and rhizosphere soil with Beta (Vitis riparia £ Vitis labrusca) grapevine cuttings (Group 2) were used as research subjects. The bacterial (16s rRNA) and fungal internal transcribed spacer regions community structures were obtained using a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and substrate utilization patterns were determined using Biolog EcoPlates. In this research, the results showed that the 4-hydroxybenzoic acid caused a shift in the soil bacterial and fungal community structures and changed the soil microbial functional diversity. The results also showed that the diversity of the microbial community structure and function differed between the two designated groups. The application of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (1 and 2 mg/g) to the soil resulted in a greater decrease in the average diversity of the bacterial community structure in Group 2, compared to Group 1. Moreover, the average diversity of the fungal community structure in Group 2 became higher than that in Group 1. However, the bacterial and fungal community structural diversities increased with the application of 0.5 mg/g of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. Thus, we concluded that both soil microbes and root exudates might be the recipients of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid.

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“…(Mountain and Patrick 1959;Traquair 1984), as nematode suppressors. Whether these compounds are stress metabolites (= phytoallexins) or simply toxins released as a result of natural degradation of decaying tissue in soil is unclear.…”

Section: Biodiversity and Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nematode biodiversity in Canadian agricultural soils

Potter¹,

McKeown²

2003

Can. J. Soil. Sci.

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The biodiversity of soil-inhabiting nematodes in Canada is incompletely known, as large areas of Canada’s landmass have not been surveyed for nematode fauna. Nematodes considered as indigenous are generally well adapted to a variety of ecological niches and climatic zones. Much of the available information is based on agricultural ecosystems and agricultural species, and thus is biased toward conditions in disturbed ecosystems and away from “primeval” ecology. Introduced nematode species are frequently quite pathogenic, even to exotic host plants from the same geographic point of origin. Estimates of crop loss due to single species infestations of pathogenic nematodes and the costs of nematode control using chemicals are reasonably well known, averaging about 10% of crop value, but ranging to 100% depending on the situation; the cost of damage by multiple-species infestations is less defined. Nematode-suppressive mechanisms are understood in only a few plant species; sulfur appears to be important as a constituent of active compounds in suppressive plants of agricultural origin. Similarly, some native plants are equally adapted with allelopathic chemicals that suppress nematodes. Management of nematode populations in agricultural soils by integrated crop management methods is at an early stage, requiring research to quantify effects of nematode-suppressive plants and soil amendments containing nitrogen. An integrated program could include nematode-suppressive plants, appropriate soil amendments, and the promotion of microbial antagonists. Different mathematical methods may be required to analyze and explain multi-factor nematode control systems. Less-toxic management systems could benefit the soil-inhabiting nematodes that predate arthropod soil pests. Further research on soil-borne nematodes may demonstrate the value of nematodes as indicators of agroecosystem health and environmental pollutants. Key words: Biocontrol, biodiversity, nematode distribution, nematode management, soil ecology

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Etiology and control of orchard replant problems: a review

Cited by 68 publications

References 67 publications

Effects of nematodes, fungi and bacteria on the growth of young apple trees grown in apple replant disease soil

Effects of nematodes, fungi and bacteria on the growth of young apple trees grown in apple replant disease soil

Effect of 4-hydroxybenzoic acid on grape (Vitis viniferaL.) soil microbial community structure and functional diversity

Nematode biodiversity in Canadian agricultural soils

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