Etiology of cerebral palsy in children below age of 5 years

Abstract

Background: Cerebral palsy is the most common and costly form of chronic motor disability that begins in childhood. Aims of the study were to identify etiology and risk factors of CP*, to find correlation between the etiology and clinical type of CP* in children below age of 5 years.Methods: analytical study done in indoor patients at civil hospital, Ahmedabad from October 2014 to September 2016.Results: Overall incidence of cerebral palsy in indoor patients was 0.78 per 100 patients. Most common age of presentation is 1-3 years. Majority of cases have perinatal factors as etiology followed by postnatal etiology. Most common type of CP was spastic type. Most common type of topographical CP was spastic quadriplegic. Major symptom for which they admitted in the hospital was convulsion.Conclusions: Majority of cases had perinatal factors as etiology author can prevent CP* by providing primary prevention, specific prevention and improving antenatal and intra-natal care. Disease progression of CP* can be halted by secondary prevention. Maximization of function can be done by tertiary prevention.

Clinical characteristics and associated factors of cerebral palsy in pediatric population: a tertiary care centre clinicoepidemiological study

“…Similar male preponderance has been reported earlier in so many other studies also. 3,4 Most of the patients in the present study were spastic quadriplegic type 40% followed by spastic diplegia in 20%. Other types were spastic hemiplegic in 8.33%, dyskinetic in 16.66%, mixed in 10% and 5% in ataxic type of cerebral palsy.…”

“…The interest of clinicians in cerebral palsy has fluctuated markedly over the years and has been influenced by epidemiological studies, etiological factors, diagnostic considerations and pattern of care available for children with cerebral palsy. 1,3 Maximum number of patients in current study were in the age group of 1-3 years. In our study according to sex, 40 (66.67%) were males and 20 (33.33) were females.…”

“…2 Prenatal, natal, and postnatal variables thus play a role in the etiopathogenesis of this extremely distressing illness. 3 A cure for cerebral palsy (CP) has not yet been discovered, hence, a need for primary prevention of disease. But unfortunately, the etiology of cerebral palsy is poorly understood thereby eluding a definitive prevention strategy.…”