ETMOD: A New Environmental Tritium Model

Russell, S.B.; Ogram, G.L.

doi:10.13182/fst92-a29820

Cited by 20 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Also, a specialized time-dependent tritium model that accounts for deposition of HT or HTO and emission from soil needs to be used, along with assumptions about what food was growing at the time of the accidental release and how much was ingested at various times after the passage of the plume. Only a few models (e.g., Russell and Ogram 1992;Raskob 1993) can accomplish this.…”

Section: Estimates Of Tritium Releases Documented Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 2. LLNL Annual Site-specific Data, 1953 - 2005

Peterson¹

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Estimates Of Tritium Releases Documented Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 2. LLNL Annual Site-specific Data, 1953 - 2005

Peterson¹

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Documented tritium codes such as UFOTRI (Raskob 1990(Raskob , 1993Raskob et al 1999), ETMOD (Russell and Ogram, 1992;Thompson et al, 1992), and FDMH (Galeriu et al 1999) were designed to assess off-site consequences from acute releases of tritium. All three models calculate inhalation and ingestion doses.…”

Section: Tritium-specific Dose Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 5. Accidental Releases

Peterson¹

2007

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the course of fifty-three years, LLNL had six acute releases of tritiated hydrogen gas (HT) and one acute release of tritiated water vapor (HTO) that were too large relative to the annual releases to be included as part of the annual releases from normal operations detailed in Parts 3 and 4 of the Tritium Dose Reconstruction (TDR). Sandia National Laboratories/California (SNL/CA) had one such release of HT and one of HTO. Doses to the maximally exposed individual (MEI) for these accidents have been modeled using an equation derived from the time-dependent tritium model, UFOTRI, and parameter values based on expert judgment. All of these acute releases are described in this report. Doses that could not have been exceeded from the large HT releases of 1965 and 1970 were calculated to be 43 µSv (4.3 mrem) and 120 µSv (12 mrem) to an adult, respectively. Two published sets of dose predictions for the accidental HT release in 1970 are compared with the dose predictions of this TDR. The highest predicted dose was for an acute release of HTO in 1954. For this release, the dose that could not have been exceeded was estimated to have been 2 mSv (200 mrem), although, because of the high uncertainty about the predictions, the likely dose may have been as low as 360 µSv (36 mrem) or less. The estimated maximum exposures from the accidental releases were such that no adverse health effects would be expected. Appendix A lists all accidents and large routine puff releases that have occurred at LLNL and SNL/CA between 1953 and 2005. Appendix B describes the processes unique to tritium that must be modeled after an acute release, some of the time-dependent tritium models being used today, and the results of tests of these models.ii This page intentionally left blank.

show abstract

“…Little information is currently available regarding the tritium uptake and subsequent formation of organically bound tritium (OBT) in plants exposed to elevated levels of atmospheric tritium during the nighttime [24]. Up to now, some typical tritium concentration assessment models have been developed such as ETMOD code [25], UFOTRI code [26,27], and TAS code [28,29]. However, it was founded that these models do not perform well in plants for the nighttime release.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tritium concentration in soybean plants exposed to atmospheric HTO during nighttime and daytime

Shen

Liu

2016

NUCL SCI TECH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Potted soybean plants were exposed to evaporate HTO for 1 h inside an exposure box at two different growth stage (flowering and podding stage, filling stage) during nighttime and daytime. The concentration of tissuefree water tritium (TFWT) and organically bound tritium (OBT) in leaves and beans was measured at the end of the exposure. The results indicated that the quasi-equilibrium between the TFWT concentrations in the soybean leaves and the HTO concentration of the ambient air moisture required more than 1 h to be reached. The relative TFWT concentrations in the nighttime represent about 1/2 to 2/3 of the concentrations obtained in the day in the leaves compared to about 1/2 to 4/3 in the beans. The relative OBT concentrations under night conditions were about 2/5 to 1/2 of those under day conditions in the leaves, contrary to 1/2-7/10 for the beans. By developing tritium concentration assessment model with a short-term release of atmospheric HTO, we comprehensively considered the plant growth stage and the environmental conditions.

show abstract

ETMOD: A New Environmental Tritium Model

Cited by 20 publications

References 8 publications

Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 2. LLNL Annual Site-specific Data, 1953 - 2005

Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 2. LLNL Annual Site-specific Data, 1953 - 2005

Historical Doses from Tritiated Water and Tritiated Hydrogen Gas Released to the Atmosphere from Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL). Part 5. Accidental Releases

Tritium concentration in soybean plants exposed to atmospheric HTO during nighttime and daytime

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About