Etofenprox as grain protectant for the management of five key stored-product insect pests

Abstract

Etofenprox is a broad spectrum pyrethroid insecticide with low toxicity to mammals, fishes, and honeybees. In the present study it was evaluated as grain protectant against Ephestia kuehniella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae, Prostephanus truncatus (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) adults, Rhyzopertha dominica (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae) adults, Sitophilus oryzae (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) adults, and Tribolium confusum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) larvae and adults. Etofenprox was applied at 0.1, 1, 5, and 10 ppm on wheat, or maize in the case of P. truncatus, and tested at different combinations of temperatures (20, 25, and 30 °C) and relative humidity (RH) levels (55 and 75%). Progeny production of the tested coleopteran adult species was also assessed. For E. kuehniella, after 21 days of exposure 75.6% of the exposed larvae were killed at 20 and 30 °C/55% RH. Mortality of P. truncatus adults reached 99.4 and 97.8% at 10 ppm of 55 and 75% RH, respectively, at 30 °C. For S. oryzae, after 21 days of exposure, mortality was moderate at both RH levels, even at the elevate doses, reaching 66.7% at 10 ppm at 20°C/75% RH. All R. dominica adults died 21 days post-exposure at 30°C/55% RH and 25 or 30°C/75% RH at 10 ppm. For T. confusum adults, mortality was 81.1% 10 ppm 21 days post-exposure at 20°C/75% RH. Etofenprox killed 99.4% of the exposed T. confusum larvae at 10 ppm respectively 14 days post-exposure at 25°C/55% RH. Concerning progeny production, complete suppression was recorded for P. truncatus, R. dominica, and T. confusum in various combinations of temperature/ RH. Our findings indicate that etofenprox is a well-promising insecticide for the protection of stored grains. However, its performance differs among insect species and abiotic conditions.

Combinations of Beauveria bassiana and spinetoram for the management of four important stored-product pests: laboratory and field trials

“…Similarly, the progeny production of P. truncatus individuals exposed on wheat treated with 0.01 and 0.1 ppm chlorantraniliprole increased with an increase of temperature from 20 to 25 and 30 °C (Boukouvala and Kavallieratos 2021). The inhibition of progeny is also documented by a plethora of other insecticides like chlorfenapyr, pirimiphos-methyl, etofenprox, and spinosad compared to the control assays (Pozidi Metaxa and Athanassiou 2012; Athanassiou and Kavallieratos 2014;Boukouvala and Kavallieratos 2022). Since the mode of action of spinetoram is the disruption of γ-aminobutyric acid and nicotinic acetylecholine receptors (Depalo et al 2016), the nervous system is compromised (Millar and Gotti 2009).…”

A Study on the Applicability of Wood Preservatives to Wooden Cultural Properties by Aging Treatment

“…문화재의 특성상 약품 및 화학 성분을 처리 하는 경우 다른 재질에 대한 안정성 평가를 통해 변화가 없음을 확인하여야 한다 (Jang et al, 2014). (Boukouvala and Kavallieratos, 2022;Huang et al, 2020;Lee and Lee, 2014).…”

Being exposed to low concentrations of pirimiphos‐methyl and chlorfenapyr has detrimental effects on the mobility of Trogoderma granarium

“…The protection of stored commodities against many pests, including T. granarium, has been widely investigated for the acute toxicity of various surface-or kernel-applied chemical formulations 18,[21][22][23][24] as well as botanical insecticides. 25 Applying pirimiphos-methyl at 5 ppm on maize, wheat and barley killed 100% of T. granarium adults after 7 days of exposure, causing complete suppression of offspring.…”