Etude clinique de la croissance et de la puberté chez les filles en milieu scolaire à Dakar. Enquête portant sur 722 cas

Sarr, M.; Tal-Día, A; Signate-Sy, H; Diouf, S.; Moreira, C.; Diagne, Ibrahima; Mbaye, AD; Ndiaye, N.; Fall, M

doi:10.1016/s0929-693x(98)80073-0

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 4 publications

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“…Nevertheless, pubertal timing was not a confounding factor in the interpretation of the present data. Sereer adolescents display a marked delay in puberty compared with European and American samples (Malina & Bouchard, 1991) and with urban Senegalese or Cameroonian girls attending school (Pasquet et al, 1999;Sarr et al, 1998). This issue has been reported previously (Be Âne Â®ce et al, 1999;Simondon et al, 1997).…”

Section: Z-scoresmentioning

confidence: 57%

Relationship between stunting in infancy and growth and fat distribution during adolescence in Senegalese girls

et al. 2001

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Objective: To study the long-term impact of stunting during infancy on maturation, growth and fat distribution in adolescence. Design: A cohort of 406 Senegalese adolescent girls of rural origin underwent clinical and growth assessments every year from 1995 to 1999. Subjects: Mean coverage rate was 82% at each round. Adolescent girls were 11.4 AE 0.5 y of age in 1995 and 15.5 AE 0.5 y of age in 1999. Their growth status during infancy was known. About 20% of the girls had a height ± age (H ± age) below À2 Z-scores (chronic malnutrition or stunting) when they were 6 ± 18 months of age. As adolescents, the girls were divided into two groups on the basis of H ± age: those stunted and those non-stunted during infancy. Measurements: Sexual maturation was assessed by stage of breast development and menarche. Height, body mass, sitting height, bi-iliac and bi-acromial diameters, and six skinfolds were measured. Results: Differences in sexual maturation between previously stunted and non-stunted girls were not signi®cant. Girls stunted at infancy caught up in body weight and subcutaneous fat mass during puberty, but they did not catch up on stature, sitting height or skeletal breadths (bi-acromial and bi-iliac diameters) until the ®nal observation in 1999. Stunted girls did not have less subcutaneous fat (sum of six skinfolds) or a lower BMI. Regional variation in subcutaneous fat distribution (Z-score pro®le) indicated greater accretion at the biceps and subscapular sites in stunted compared to the non-stunted girls. Regional fat distribution was also assessed by principal component analysis (PCA) performed on the residuals of the six skinfolds measured during the ®nal round (1999). PCA identi®ed three components. Stunted and non-stunted girls were similar for the ®rst (trunk ± extremity contrast) and second (anterior ± posterior contrast) components. However, there was a difference for the third component: stunted girls tended to accumulate more subcutaneous fat on the upper part of the body (trunk or arms) than nonstunted girls. Conclusion: Stunted Senegalese girls have a potential for catching up in growth during puberty. The greater accumulation of subcutaneous fat on the upper body in stunted girls may be a consequence of complex hormonal adjustments at the onset of puberty. Sponsorship: Institut de Recherche pour le De Âveloppement (IRD anciennement ORSTOM) and the Nestle Â Foundation.

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Section: Z-scoresmentioning

confidence: 57%

Relationship between stunting in infancy and growth and fat distribution during adolescence in Senegalese girls

et al. 2001

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Longitudinal estimates of puberty timing in Senegalese adolescent girls

2005

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This study aimed to assess the timing of sexual maturation (breast development and menarche occurrence) among sub-Saharan African adolescent girls from rural areas. In the framework of a longitudinal study of growth at puberty, the stages of pubertal development (Tanner classification) and menarche occurrence were recorded at intervals between 1995 and 2000 in a sample of 406 Senegalese adolescent girls from a rural area. Nutritional status was estimated during infancy, childhood, and adolescence within this sample, and body composition was estimated only during adolescence. At the beginning of the study (1995), the adolescent girls were 11.4 years old (SD = 0.6). At the end of the study, they were 16.5 years old (SD = 0.6). Median and quartile ages at entry into each maturity stage and its confidence limits were estimated by a lognormal parametric survival model. These adolescent girls were shorter and thinner than girls of the same age from developed countries. Median age at the onset of breast development was 12.6 years (95% CI = 12.5-12.8). Median age at the end of sexual maturation and median age at menarche were estimated respectively at 15.8 years (95% CI = 15.7-15.9) and 15.9 years (95% CI = 15.7-15.9). These adolescent girls were less mature than other adolescent girls of the same age from other developing countries. Their puberty was extremely delayed compared to that of adolescent girls of the same age from industrialized countries. Puberty in these Senegalese adolescent girls is delayed by about 3 years. This may be due to malnutrition, significant energy expenditure, and poor diet and living conditions, and possibly to genetic control.

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Cross-cultural comparison of growth, maturation and adiposity indices of two contrasting adolescent populations in rural Senegal (West Africa) and Martinique (Caribbean)

Bénéfice

Caïus

Garnier

2004

Public Health Nutr.

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Objectives: To stress the importance of social and environment (nutritional) factors in determining the growth spurt during puberty and the risk of excessive adiposity, two contrasting adolescent populations, one from a rural area of Senegal (West Africa) and the other from Martinique (French West Indies), were compared. Design: Cross-cultural comparison of contrasting populations. Adolescents from Senegal belonged to a cohort followed up since 1995. Adolescents from Martinique participated in a cross-sectional nutritional survey that covered the entire island. Subjects: A total of 507 adolescents (mean age: 14.3^0.7 years) from Senegal (319 girls and 188 boys) and 703 adolescents from Martinique (351 boys and 352 girls) were surveyed. Results: Differences in growth and maturation were striking: boys in Martinique were 22.7 kg heavier and 20.1 cm taller than boys in Senegal. Differences were less important for girls but still evident: 12.6 kg in weight and 10.5 cm in stature. In Senegal, there were virtually no overweight adolescents, but 18% of girls and 50% of boys could be considered as malnourished. In Martinique, 19% of girls and 23% of boys were overweight or obese. Adolescent girls from Martinique were also sexually more mature than adolescent girls from Senegal. When comparisons were repeated after Senegalese girls reached menarche, differences in weight and body mass index disappeared, but Senegalese girls were still shorter than girls from Martinique. Conclusions: Adolescents are extremely susceptible to nutritional changes and their particular situation needs to be incorporated into nutritional prevention programmes. Keywords Puberty Developing countriesBody mass index Underweight OverweightDuring adolescence, because of the growth spurt during puberty, size and body proportion change. Although boys and girls have quite similar fat mass during childhood, girls increase their fat mass during puberty while boys, in contrast, stabilise their fat mass and enlarge their fat-free mass 1. As a consequence, it is risky to identify overweight and adiposity during adolescence on the basis of a composite index such as the body mass index (BMI; weight/height 2 ) and a single set of references 2 . To interpret this index accurately, puberty maturation stage should be taken into account, although this is not always possible 3 . Despite these limitations, the BMI is now widely accepted as the simplest index for comparison purposes in epidemiological studies 4 . Familial and ethnic factors also need to be considered as important determinants of body composition. American adolescent girls of African origin tend to accumulate more fat after 12 years of age than do girls of European origin, although they are slimmer before this age 5 . A recent survey encompassing various populations from the African Diaspora showed that the heritability of adiposity indices remained steady across a wide range of environments in genetically related populations 6 . These considerations should be viewed in light of the context of ...

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Etude clinique de la croissance et de la puberté chez les filles en milieu scolaire à Dakar. Enquête portant sur 722 cas

Cited by 4 publications

References 4 publications

Relationship between stunting in infancy and growth and fat distribution during adolescence in Senegalese girls

Relationship between stunting in infancy and growth and fat distribution during adolescence in Senegalese girls

Longitudinal estimates of puberty timing in Senegalese adolescent girls

Cross-cultural comparison of growth, maturation and adiposity indices of two contrasting adolescent populations in rural Senegal (West Africa) and Martinique (Caribbean)

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