Canada is an immigrant country, with early settlers from England and France. Over time, people from various countries have continued to immigrate, forming different ethnic enclaves. Canadian French literature mainly refers to literature from Quebec, which is densely populated by French-speaking immigrants. Before French children’s literature emerged, children mainly read reprints of French literature. After World War I, french children’s literature in Canada began to emerge. Even though this type of literature has a short history, there is now a wide range of high-quality works, reflecting social, educational, and literary values. This paper will trace the development of Canadian french children’s literature against the backdrop of Canada’s historical development, and analyze the characteristics and influence of Canadian children’s literature.