EU climate law sans frontières: The extension of the 2030 Framework to the Energy Community contracting parties

Abstract

As challenging as meeting the 2030 climate and energy targets will be for the European Union (EU), it is the decision to extend the 2030 Framework to the contracting parties of the Energy Community (EnC) which will arguably require a truly Herculean effort. In 2018, the contracting parties agreed to adapt the revised Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Directives, and the Energy Union Governance Regulation. However, the EnC parties face significant obstacles, while the Energy Community has limited compliance mechanisms. This article examines the Energy Community as a hybrid legal space in which the European Commission, EnC Secretariat and contracting parties co‐create legal order. It investigates major challenges to the extension of the 2030 Framework to the Energy Community, including the EnC’s structure and composition, weaknesses in national implementation and a limited dispute resolution regime. The article also reflects on the role of law in the external dimension of EU climate policy.

Energy Transformation: Challenges and Opportunities — The Polish Case

“…The following references illustrate the vast number of energy-mix scenarios that underline the need to decarbonise the energy system [Das et al 2007;ECF 2010;Williams et al 2012;IRENA 2016;Fofrich et al 2020;Wimbadi et al 2020;Darby, Gerretsen 2020]. Again, the literature approach towards climate change and the need to decarbonise can also be found in the documents of the United Nations [IPCC 2018;UNFCCC 2020;UNFCCC 2021] and in the European Union policies of the European Green Deal [EU 2019;EU 2022a;EU 2022b] and other clear signals that the area should be regulated on the European level [ECF 2010;EC 2014;Minas 2020;Kulovesi, Oberthür, 2019]. The International Energy Agency recommendations can be found in the World Energy Outlook report [IEA 2020].…”