EU-wide survey of polar organic persistent pollutants in European river waters

Loos, Robert; Bernd, Gawlik; Giovanni, Locoro; Rimaviciute, Erika; Contini, S.; Bidoglio, G.

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2008.09.020

Cited by 906 publications

(526 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Mason et al (1999) showed that point source contamination of surface water from pesticides was more significant than previously recognised. Loos et al (2009) report an EU-wide reconnaissance of the occurrence of polar organic persistent pollutants in European river waters. Samples from over 100 rivers from 27…”

Section: Uk and European Studies 61 Surface Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of risk from potential emerging contaminants in UK groundwater

Stuart

Lapworth

Crane

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

673

284

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This paper provides a review of the types of emerging organic groundwater contaminants (EGCs) which are beginning to be found in the UK. EGCs are compounds being found in groundwater that were previously not detectable or known to be significant and can come from agricultural, urban and rural point sources. EGCs include nanomaterials, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, industrial compounds, personal care products, fragrances, water treatment by-products, flame retardants and surfactants, as well as caffeine and nicotine. Many are relatively small polar molecules which may not be effectively removed by drinking water treatment. Data from the UK Environment Agency's groundwater screening programme for organic pollutants found within the 30 most frequently detected compounds a number of EGCs such as pesticide metabolites, caffeine and DEET. Specific determinands frequently detected include pesticides metabolites, pharmaceuticals including carbamazepine and triclosan, nicotine, food additives and alkyl phosphates. This paper discusses the routes by which these compounds enter groundwater, their toxicity and potential risks to drinking water and the environment. It identifies challenges that need to be met to minimise risk to drinking water and ecosystems.

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Section: Uk and European Studies 61 Surface Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of risk from potential emerging contaminants in UK groundwater

Stuart

Lapworth

Crane

et al. 2012

Science of The Total Environment

673

284

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“…Various studies report the detection of perfluorinated compounds in surface waters throughout Europe (Ahrens et al 2009;Loos et al 2009;Kwadijk et al 2010). Reported levels at diffusely contaminated locations vary between 1 and 50 ng/l.…”

Section: Perfluorinated Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Petrovic et al 2003;Rodrigues et al 2007;Kuster et al 2009;Loos et al 2009;Palma et al 2009;Vryzas et al 2009). The occurrence of pesticides in drinking water was investigated for water prepared from the Llobregat River and reported to be undetectable (Lopez-Roldan et al 2004) or below 100 ng/l (Kuster et al 2008).…”

Section: Pesticidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging contaminants in surface waters and their relevance for the production of drinking water in Europe

Houtman

2010

Journal of Integrative Environmental Sciences

206

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An increasing part of drinking water in Europe is prepared from surface water. At the same time, a growing number of emerging contaminants is being discovered in surface water. This review provides an overview of classes of emerging contaminants nowadays detected in the aquatic environment that are of relevance for drinking water production. These comprise e.g. endocrine disrupting compounds, such as hormones and compounds with hormone-like properties, pharmaceuticals, illicit and non-controlled drugs, sweeteners, personal care products, complexing agents, nanoparticles, perfluorinated compounds, flame retardants, pesticides, and fuel additives. The individual compounds are observed in concentrations that are generally considered too low to cause acute effects. Nevertheless, health effects due to long-term exposure to a mixture of low concentrations of all kinds of emerging contaminants cannot be excluded with current knowledge. Moreover, contamination of drinking water with man-made substances is considered unwanted in principle. The precautionary principle is used to motivate that prevention of emission of emerging contaminants into the environment is the preferred approach to safeguard sustainable drinking water production. In the mean time, extensive monitoring of the sources and development and application of advanced treatment techniques are used to prepare safe drinking water.

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“…The United States Geological Survey has conducted a series of monitoring studies to characterize PPCPs and other anthropogenic organic contaminants in surface and groundwater (Kolpin et al, 2002;Barnes et al, 2008;Focazio et al, 2008). Loos et al (2009) analyzed more than 100 river water samples from 27 European countries for polar organic pollutants including PPCPs. Terzić et al (2008) reported the occurrence of PPCPs from the western Balkan Region.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%