Eucalyptol induces hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity in snail neurons by inhibiting potassium channels

Zeraatpisheh, Zahra; Vatanparast, Jafar

doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.06.050

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 36 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Eucalyptol reduced the excitability of rat sciatic nerve and superior cervical ganglion neurons [ 96 , 97 ]. On the other hand, Zeraatpisheh and Vatanparast [ 65 ] reported that 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) induced hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity in snail neurons, which is most likely mediated through the direct inhibitory action on the potassium channels.…”

Section: The Pharmacological Properties Of Constituents Isolated Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Oils and Their Constituents Targeting the GABAergic System and Sodium Channels as Treatment of Neurological Diseases

Wang

Heinbockel

2018

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Essential oils and the constituents in them exhibit different pharmacological activities, such as antinociceptive, anxiolytic-like, and anticonvulsant effects. They are widely applied as a complementary therapy for people with anxiety, insomnia, convulsion, pain, and cognitive deficit symptoms through inhalation, oral administration, and aromatherapy. Recent studies show that essential oils are emerging as a promising source for modulation of the GABAergic system and sodium ion channels. This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the pharmacological properties of essential oils and compounds from the oils and the mechanisms underlying their effects. Specifically, the review focuses on the essential oils and their constituents targeting the GABAergic system and sodium channels, and their antinociceptive, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant properties. Some constituents target transient receptor potential (TRP) channels to exert analgesic effects. Some components could interact with multiple therapeutic target proteins, for example, inhibit the function of sodium channels and, at the same time, activate GABAA receptors. The review concentrates on perspective compounds that could be better candidates for new drug development in the control of pain and anxiety syndromes.

show abstract

Section: The Pharmacological Properties Of Constituents Isolated Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential Oils and Their Constituents Targeting the GABAergic System and Sodium Channels as Treatment of Neurological Diseases

Wang

Heinbockel

2018

Molecules

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The exact underlying mechanism of epileptogenesis is still not well reported. Studies have shown that epileptiform activity is induced by blockade of K+ channels and upregulation of Ca2+ inward currents [18][19][20][21]. The toxic effects of these compounds are more pronounced in children due to immature brains.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eucalyptus Oil-Induced Seizures in Children: A Single-Center Prospective Study

Chandar¹,

Mandapuram²,

Kumar³

et al. 2021

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Eucalyptus oil (EO) is known to have proconvulsant properties. EO is present in many over-the-counter preparations and used orally or topically to treat many ailments. In this study, we seek to describe clinical features, neuroimaging, and electroencephalographic findings and follow up outcome in children with eucalyptus oil-induced seizures (EOIS). Materials and methods This was a single-center prospective observational study, conducted at a tertiary care hospital from South India over a period of two years. Children (up to 18 years of age) with a first afebrile seizure or breakthrough seizures with preexisting epilepsy and with a recent exposure to EO were included. Data from all the children including demographic data, exposure to EO, mode of exposure, time to onset of seizures in relation to exposure, duration of seizure, type of seizure, investigations, and antiepileptic drug therapy were noted. All the patients were followed up for recurrence of seizures for six to nine months. Results During the study period of two years, a total of 17 children met the inclusion criteria, with a median (range) age of 3.75 years (23 - 150 months) and 10 (59%) were male. Only one patient had breakthrough seizures and all other 16 children had a first episode of seizure. All the children had generalized tonic-clonic seizures with median duration of three minutes (30 sec - 30 minutes). The median (range) interval between EO exposure and the onset of seizures was 20 minutes (10 - 120 minutes). All the children had taken EO drops orally mixed in either water or milk in different amounts. All the patients' brain neuroimaging was normal. All the patients had normal electroencephalography except for four children. Only five patients were treated with antiepileptic drugs for two weeks and one patient with preexisting epilepsy was continued on the same antiepileptic drug. None of the patients had a recurrence of seizures during the follow-up period of six to nine months. Conclusion EOIS is an underrecognized and rare entity of seizures in children. EOIS can occur as first seizures or as breakthrough seizures in preexisting epilepsy patients. Despite the previous case reports in the literature quoting the seizurogenic potential of EO, this awareness is lacking in both clinicians and parents. We also recommend clinicians inquire about exposure to EO while approaching a child with first afebrile seizures or breakthrough seizures, which can prevent unnecessary investigations and long-term antiepileptic drug therapy.

show abstract

“…1,11 The effects of eucalyptol (1,8-cineole) studied on the central neurons of the land snail Caucasotachea atrolabiata found that the excitatory and epileptogenic action of eucalyptol is most likely mediated through the direct inhibitory action on potassium channels. 17 Another study in snail neurons with camphor showed that its excitatory and epileptogenic action is also mediated through the blockade of K + channels and upregulation of the Ca 2+ inward currents. 18 Although the epileptogenic properties of plant-derived essential oils have been known for centuries, both the public and physicians are equally ignorant of these serious complications.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there have been no explicit studies outlining the mechanism by which eucalyptus oils can precipitate seizures, studies on rat models show it may be secondary to the loss of tissue sodium/potassium gradient leading to increased cellular hyperexcitability 1,11 . The effects of eucalyptol (1,8‐cineole) studied on the central neurons of the land snail Caucasotachea atrolabiata found that the excitatory and epileptogenic action of eucalyptol is most likely mediated through the direct inhibitory action on potassium channels 17 . Another study in snail neurons with camphor showed that its excitatory and epileptogenic action is also mediated through the blockade of K + channels and upregulation of the Ca 2+ inward currents 18 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Essential oil–related status epilepticus: A small case series study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective Essential oils are plant‐derived oils and are widely used as an over‐the‐counter remedy for common ailments. Many essential oils are found to have proconvulsant effects. Here we report a small case series of 3 adults with eseential oil‐related status epilepticus. Methods This was an observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital in south India from January 2018 to December 2019. We collected the demographic, clinical, and imaging features of all cases of status epilepticus resulting from exposure to essential oils. Cases of status epilepticus secondary to all other causes were excluded. Results There were 3 young adults with essential oil‐related status epilepticus. Two had de novo generalized tonic–clonic status epilepticus, and 1 with posttraumatic occipital lobe epilepsy had focal‐impaired awareness status epilepticus. The first 2 cases presented with histories of ingestion of eucalyptus oil. The third case had focal‐impaired awareness status epilepticus after topical application of various balms containing eucalyptus and camphor. Conclusions Proconvulsant essential oils of eucalyptus and camphor can cause both generalized and focal status epilepticus. Physicians dealing with patients of status epilepticus should enquire about the exposure to proconvulsant essential oils.

show abstract

Eucalyptol induces hyperexcitability and epileptiform activity in snail neurons by inhibiting potassium channels

Cited by 20 publications

References 36 publications

Essential Oils and Their Constituents Targeting the GABAergic System and Sodium Channels as Treatment of Neurological Diseases

Essential Oils and Their Constituents Targeting the GABAergic System and Sodium Channels as Treatment of Neurological Diseases

Eucalyptus Oil-Induced Seizures in Children: A Single-Center Prospective Study

Essential oil–related status epilepticus: A small case series study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About