Eucalyptus derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons as electrode materials in supercapacitors

Wen, Yanliang; Chi, Liang; Wenelska, Karolina; Wen, Xin; Chen, Xuecheng; Mijowska, Ewa

doi:10.1038/s41598-020-71649-9

Cited by 39 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The supercapacitor retained 92% of capacitance over 10 000 cycles and delivered a maximum energy density of 48 W h kg −1 and a maximum effective power density of 15 000 W kg −1 in 1 m BMIMBF 4 ‐AN electrolyte. [ 67 ]…”

Section: Solid Waste Materials In Supercapacitor Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, of late, due emphasis has also been laid on the evolution of eco‐friendly supercapacitors. Benign materials retrieved from carbon‐rich agricultural and food biowaste, [ 9,52–75,105,115,116 ] industrial waste, [ 76–79 ] paper, [ 74,80,81 ] and cotton [ 82 ] have been used in their fabrication. Additionally, carbon acquired from discarded polymers [ 83–95 ] as well as valuable metals and metal composites recuperated from electronic waste including spent batteries [ 96–102 ] have been utilized in the preparation of supercapacitor electrodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Supercapacitors in the Light of Solid Waste and Energy Management: A Review

Dutta

Mahanta

Banerjee

2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Supercapacitors store electrical energy on the basis of electrostatic attraction between opposite charges as a result of the formation of an electric double layer (EDL) at the electrolyte/electrode interface. Carbon-derived materials are commonly used to fabricate supercapacitor electrodes owing to their high electrical conductivity, high capacitance, excellent porosity, good electrochemical stability, and large specific surface area. [131-136] Predominantly, these materials include carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, carbon spheres, hollow carbon spheres, carbon nanoparticles (CNPs), etc. [62,137-145] Nevertheless, they fail to demonstrate the desirable performance in practical applications after a certain threshold owing to their short durability and low energy density. Although, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have proven to be better electrode candidates in certain aspects, [142,143,146-148] however, these materials incur high cost, low yield of porous carbon, high consumption of metallic nitrate, [62] and hence higher waste generation. Due to the rising concerns of waste production and its management and hence the need for sustainable and cheap resources, reusing and/or converting waste from various sources such as industrial, agricultural, food, and spent electronic devices efficiently into usable carbon has attracted much interest since recently.

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Section: Solid Waste Materials In Supercapacitor Fabricationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supercapacitors in the Light of Solid Waste and Energy Management: A Review

Dutta

Mahanta

Banerjee

2020

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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“…Most of these studies involved conversion of biomasses into biochar or carbonized sample, followed by activation with alkali or by acid or by neutral species at elevated temperature, e.g., 800 °C or higher. [ 18,19 ] Activation processes are led to increase in the porous nature of the carbonaceous materials, which were correlated with improved charging–discharging phenomenon via electric double layer mechanism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxygen‐Rich Porous Activated Carbon from Eucalyptus Wood as an Efficient Supercapacitor Electrode

Atika

Dutta

2021

Energy Tech

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Herein, lignin‐rich KOH‐activated porous carbon from eucalyptus wood (named as PACE) is presented as an efficient electrode for supercapacitors (SCs). Compared with the most commonly used higher activation temperature, i.e., 800 °C with KOH (PACE‐800), a more efficient SC is developed by activating carbon with KOH at lesser temperature, i.e., 600 °C (PACE‐600). The high specific capacitance (i.e., 230 F g−1 at 1 A g−1 measured in a 2 m NaCl electrolyte) measured by galvanostatic charge–discharge (GCD) studies is not primarily due to larger surface area, but due to the inherent electron‐rich oxygen‐based functionalities that persist at the lower activation temperature, contributing to the hydrophilic nature to PACE‐600. The mechanism of the capacitive charge storage is deduced from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The application of PACE‐600 as a SC electrode is confirmed from insignificant loss in the specific capacitance after 10 000 charging–discharging cycles, recorded at 10 A g−1. Further, fabrication of higher‐voltage (1.6 V) symmetric SC PACE‐600//PACE‐600 in aqueous neutral electrolyte (2 m NaCl) is presented, which illuminates a red LED (1.8 V) for 1 min after charging for 5 s. The corresponding energy density is calculated to be 41 W h kg−1, and at a power density of 2396 W kg−1.

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“…The aforementioned findings are encouraging to explore the present NPOS-CNF mat as an efficient, sustainable, and low-cost electrode material for the fabrication of flexible energy devices. 55…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

N/P/O/S Heteroatom-Doped Porous Carbon Nanofiber Mats Derived from a Polyacrylonitrile/l-Cysteine/P₂O₅ Precursor for Flexible Electrochemical Supercapacitors

Ahmad

Anand

Dey

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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It is still a great challenge to achieve high volumetric capacitance without losing gravimetric capacitance and cycling performances for carbon-based electrode materials to fulfill the demands for next-generation supercapacitors. In this work, we have fabricated carbon nanofiber (CNF) mats doped with tetraheteroatoms (N, P, O, and S) via a two-step process: electrospinning and carbonization. The surface porosity, mass density, and doping density of the as-prepared doped CNFs were optimized by varying the l-cysteine-to-potassium pentoxide mass ratio in the polyacrylonitrile (PAN) precursor solution. The structural evaluation of different heteroatom species in the carbon lattice of the as-prepared NPOS-CNFs was systematically studied by various spectroscopic techniques. The optimized NPOS-CNF 12 nanofibers, which were prepared from the PAN precursor containing an l-cysteine/P2O5 mass ratio of 1:2, have a high specific surface area (502.5 m2/g), high mesopore volume (1.561 cm3/g), high mass density (1.07 g/cm3), and highest content (10.34 atom %) of active heteroatom species such as pyrrolic N, pyridinic N, CO, C–S, and C3–PO species. Due to these unique features, the NPOS-CNF 12 exhibited an ultrahigh volumetric capacitance of 625.8 F/cm3 at a current density of 0.2 A/g and also exhibited high gravimetric capacitance (584.8 F/g) and good cycling stability (93.5% capacitance retention after 10 000 cycles) in a 6 M KOH electrolyte. As assembled, the NPOS-CNF 12//NPOS-CNF 12 supercapacitor in a 1 M Na2SO4 electrolyte delivered a high gravimetric energy density of 102.6 Wh/kg at a power density of 105 W/kg with a wide potential window of 0–1.8 V.

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Eucalyptus derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons as electrode materials in supercapacitors

Cited by 39 publications

References 73 publications

Supercapacitors in the Light of Solid Waste and Energy Management: A Review

Supercapacitors in the Light of Solid Waste and Energy Management: A Review

Oxygen‐Rich Porous Activated Carbon from Eucalyptus Wood as an Efficient Supercapacitor Electrode

N/P/O/S Heteroatom-Doped Porous Carbon Nanofiber Mats Derived from a Polyacrylonitrile/l-Cysteine/P₂O₅ Precursor for Flexible Electrochemical Supercapacitors

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Eucalyptus derived heteroatom-doped hierarchical porous carbons as electrode materials in supercapacitors

Cited by 39 publications

References 73 publications

Supercapacitors in the Light of Solid Waste and Energy Management: A Review

Supercapacitors in the Light of Solid Waste and Energy Management: A Review

Oxygen‐Rich Porous Activated Carbon from Eucalyptus Wood as an Efficient Supercapacitor Electrode

N/P/O/S Heteroatom-Doped Porous Carbon Nanofiber Mats Derived from a Polyacrylonitrile/l-Cysteine/P2O5 Precursor for Flexible Electrochemical Supercapacitors

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Resources

About

N/P/O/S Heteroatom-Doped Porous Carbon Nanofiber Mats Derived from a Polyacrylonitrile/l-Cysteine/P₂O₅ Precursor for Flexible Electrochemical Supercapacitors