Eucalyptus Kraft Black Liquor Enhances Growth and Productivity of Spirulina in Outdoor Cultures

Abstract

Mass cultivation of microalgae for commercial applications suffers from poor productivities when measured against laboratory results or theoretical projections. In an effort to reduce this gap it was discovered that addition of eucalyptus kraft black liquor (BL) enhanced biomass productivity in outdoor cultures of Spirulina by increasing growth rate by 38% and biomass yield by 43%. BL treatment resulted in elevation of nitrogen assimilating enzyme activities and efficiency of phosphate utilization. Analyses of forenoon and afternoon oxygen production rates (OPRs) indicated higher photosynthetic and respiratory activity in BL‐treated cultures compared to untreated cultures.

The Effect of Salicylic Acid and Triacontanol on Biomass Production and Imidaclopirid Removal Capacity by Cyanobacteria

“…It was observed that the higher efficiency depended on increased growth rates of the biomass. As a matter of fact, in a previous study, it was reported that, the stimulatory effect of TRIA on growth of Chlamydomonas depended on significant increases in cell density, total chlorophyll, CO 2 assimilation and dry weight (Houtz et al 1985) In another study on Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and blue-green algae, cyanobacter Anacystis nidulans, and similar article on enhancement of growth and productivity of green algae Spirullina by eucalyptus kraft black liquor showed that the growth rate could be increased by further by some treatments Haugstad et al 1983;Chauhan and Singh 1995) . Our results also support these evidences indicating the potential of Salicylic acid and TRIA in stimulation of growth rate of microalgae, and this potential could be exploited for higher IMI bioremoval efficiency in contaminated water treatment processes, and could be used in practice, as it was mentioned in the article on TRIA promoted growth of marine photosynthetic bacteria (Ries et al 1977).…”

Efficient removal of imidacloprid from sewage by Scenedesmus sp. TXH and the effects of environmental factors on its removal

“…found that microalgae can grow in municipal sewage and aquaculture sewage, and alga–bacteria systems had higher removal of pollutants in sewage compared with a single microalgal type. Chauhan et al 18 . cultured spirulina in reeling wastewater, and after 10 days of cultivation, >80% of the nitrogenous substances in the water were used up.…”

“…Cheng et al 16 and Li et al 17 found that microalgae can grow in municipal sewage and aquaculture sewage, and alga-bacteria systems had higher removal of pollutants in sewage compared with a single microalgal type. Chauhan et al 18 cultured spirulina in reeling wastewater, and after 10 days of cultivation, >80% of the nitrogenous substances in the water were used up. Kotoula et al 19 used Chlorella sorokiniana and the macrophyte Lemna minor to form an intermittent reactor that can remove ≤99% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and utilize >88% of nutrient salts in municipal wastewater.…”