Eucalyptus plantation effects on soil carbon after 20years and three rotations in Brazil

Cook, Rachel L.; Binkley, Dan; Stape, José Luiz

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2015.09.035

Cited by 69 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Manuscript to be reviewed shown in 2YR and 10YR Eucalyptus soil compared with secondary-forest, which may be a consequence of the accelerated extraction of cations and of compounds released from decaying leaf litter (Soumare et al, 2016). Consistent with our results, the amount of soil SOC has been shown to decrease after planting Eucalyptus (Behera & Sahani, 2003;Cook et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2015) but also to increase in some conditions (Zhang et al, 2012). Infertile soil organic matter may decrease soil structural stability leading to erosion (Behera & Sahani, 2003).…”

Section: Soil Propertiessupporting

confidence: 84%

“…), a Myrtaceae species that is native to Australia, is now extensively planted at the global scale because of its fast-growth and strong adaptability to the local environment. It occupies approximately 20 million hectares within the tropical artificial forests Manuscript to be reviewed (Cook et al, 2016), while in China there are nearly 3.7 million ha of plantation, making the country the second largest Eucalyptus plantation area (Versini et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Peer Review #2 of "Variation of soil bacterial communities along a chronosequence of Eucalyptus plantation (v0.1)"

2018

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Eucalyptus is harvested for wood and fiber production in many tropical and subtropical habitats globally. Plantation has been controversial because of its influence on the surrounding environment however the influence of massive Eucalyptus planting on soil microbial communities is unclear. Here we applied high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene to assess the microbial community composition and diversity of planting chronosequences, involving two, five and ten years of Eucalyptus plantation, comparing to that of secondary-forest in South China. We found that significant changes in the composition of soil bacteria occurred when the forests were converted from secondaryforest to Eucalyptus. The bacterial community structure was clearly distinct from control and five year samples after Eucalyptus was grown for two and ten years, highlighting the influence of this plantation on local soil microbial communities. These groupings indicated a cycle of impact (two-and ten-year plantations) and low impact (five-year plantations) in this chronosequence of Eucalyptus plantation. Community patterns were underpinned by shifts in soil properties such as pH and phosphorus concentration. Concurrently, key soil taxonomic groups such as Actinobacteria showed abundance shifts, increasing in impacted plantations and decreasing in low impacted samples. Shifts in taxonomy were reflected in a shift in metabolic potential, including pathways for nutrient cycles such as carbon fixation, which changed in abundance over time following Eucalyptus plantation. Combined these results confirm that Eucalyptus plantation can change the community structure and diversity of soil microorganisms with strong implications for land-management and maintaining the health of these ecosystems.

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Section: Soil Propertiessupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #2 of "Variation of soil bacterial communities along a chronosequence of Eucalyptus plantation (v0.1)"

2018

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“…However, we take a conservative assumption that production of eucalyptus SRC systems do not increase soil carbon stocks when produced in areas previously occupied with pasture, with some degree of degradation in Brazil. This assumption in supported by a meta-analysis of 101 sites planted with eucalyptus SRC in São Paulo state, that showed little to no change (0.06 tC ha −1 year −1 ) after 20 years of harvest rotations, while overall in 306 sites in Brazil showed a minor emission of 0.11 tC ha −1 year −1 [83].…”

Section: Climate Impacts From Changes In Land Usementioning

confidence: 82%

Energy and Environmental Aspects of Using Eucalyptus from Brazil for Energy and Transportation Services in Europe

2018

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The international market of woody biomass for bioenergy is expected to have a major role in future global scenarios aligning with a 2 or 1.5 • C target. However, the quantification of the environmental impacts of energy and transportation services from novel technologies and biomass production systems are yet to be extensively studied on a case-specific basis. We use a life cycle assessment approach to quantify environmental impacts of four bioenergy systems based on eucalyptus plantations established in abandoned pastureland in Brazil. The alternative bioenergy systems deliver energy and transportation services in Europe (cradle-to-gate analysis), including modern technologies for production of heat, electricity (with and without carbon capture and storage), and advanced liquid biofuels. We find that all bioenergy systems can achieve sizeable climate benefits, but in some cases at increased pressure in other impact categories. The most impacting activities are biomass transport stages, followed by eucalyptus stand establishment, and pellet production. An estimate of the potential large-scale bioenergy deployment of eucalyptus established in marginal areas in Brazil shows that up to 7 EJ of heat, 2.5 EJ of electricity, or 5 EJ of transportation biofuels per year can be delivered. This corresponds to a climate mitigation potential between 0.9% and 2.4% (0.29 and 0.83 GtCO 2 per year) of the global anthropogenic emissions in 2015, and between 5.7% and 16% of European emissions, depending on the specific bioenergy system considered. A sensitivity analysis indicated that the best environmental performance is achieved with on-site biomass storage, transportation of wood chips with trucks, pellets as energy carrier, and larger ship sizes. Our quantitative environmental analysis contributes to increased understanding of the potential benefits and tradeoffs of large-scale supply of biomass resources, and additional research can further improve resolution and integrate environmental impact indicators within a broader sustainability perspective, as indicated by the recently established sustainable development goals.Sustainability 2018, 10, 4068 2 of 18 combination with technologies for capture and storage of carbon emissions (BECCS) [3]. BECCS allows achieving negative CO 2 emissions, after energy and transportation services are used to replace fossil fuels. However, many studies alert to the fact that feasibility of large-scale deployment of BECCS has not yet been demonstrated, nor have its potential and risks been fully examined [1,[4][5][6].The international market of forest biomass in the form of wood pellets have increased dramatically in the recent years, with Europe being the main importer and North America the main exporter [7][8][9][10][11], mostly due the Renewable Energy Directive (RED) [12]. In this policy, the European countries aim to increase the share of renewable energy in their gross final energy consumption to 20% by 2020. Much has been written about the environmental issues of this increasing use of woo...

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“…In Brazil, soil C stocks have shown different responses to afforestation [15,[28][29][30] and might be dependent on former land use, edaphoclimatic conditions, tree species planted and tillage practices adopted [31]. Studies assessing the effect of afforestation on soil organic matter (SOM) properties in southern Brazil are scant [30,32,33] and are particularly important with afforestation expansion often taking place on a fragile ecosystem dominated by sandy-textured soils prone to wind and water erosion [34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nitrogen Alters Initial Growth, Fine-Root Biomass and Soil Organic Matter Properties of a Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden Plantation in a Recently Afforested Grassland in Southern Brazil

Ferreira

Oliveira

Silva

et al. 2018

Forests

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Nitrogen (N) fertilization effects on Eucalyptus growth and soil carbon (C) stocks are still controversial. We set up an N fertilization experiment in southern Brazil to evaluate initial tree growth and changes in soil organic matter (SOM). Four N levels (24-Reference, 36, 48 and 108 kg ha −1 of N) were tested and tree growth was assessed during the first two years. Afterwards, representative trees were chosen to evaluate fine-root biomass (FRB) and its spatial distribution. Soil was sampled to a 40-cm depth and SOM was fractionated in Particulate (POM) and Mineral-Associated Organic Matter (MAOM) for C and N content, and δ 13 C determination. Positive N effect on tree growth was seen only for tree height. N addition resulted in higher FRB. Changes in SOM were more expressive in top-soil layers. Overall, afforestation had positive effects on soil C. Increasing reference N dose resulted in higher C and N content in both SOM fractions. C and N dynamics were tightly correlated, especially in MAOM. Eucalypt-derived C was on average three-fold higher in POM. In summary, we showed that N fertilization may have positive but limited effects on tree growth, nevertheless it enhances fine-root biomass and C and N accumulation in SOM pools.

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Eucalyptus plantation effects on soil carbon after 20years and three rotations in Brazil

Cited by 69 publications

References 30 publications

Peer Review #2 of "Variation of soil bacterial communities along a chronosequence of Eucalyptus plantation (v0.1)"

Peer Review #2 of "Variation of soil bacterial communities along a chronosequence of Eucalyptus plantation (v0.1)"

Energy and Environmental Aspects of Using Eucalyptus from Brazil for Energy and Transportation Services in Europe

Nitrogen Alters Initial Growth, Fine-Root Biomass and Soil Organic Matter Properties of a Eucalyptus dunnii Maiden Plantation in a Recently Afforested Grassland in Southern Brazil

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